摘要
在数字化的背景下,项目资源可以通过资源云化等打破信息的壁垒和空间的束缚,客观上为项目间实现资源共享提供了条件,从而可以提高资源使用效率、创造更多的收益。同时,资源共享创造的收益需要在项目间进行合理的分配。本文首先以各个项目拥有的资源为基础,建立了集中资源最大化额外收益的资源受限的项目活动合作调度模型,获得了合作调度的最优或次优方案及对应的额外收益。其次以额外收益为特征函数建立合作博弈模型,分析了项目调度的合作博弈的性质并运用核心、Shapley值、核仁及按比例收益分配等方法作为额外收益的分配方案。结果表明,通过集中资源合作调度,大部分项目组能够实现项目集体收益的增加。另外,随着资源的减少,有些项目靠自身的资源可能无法独立完成,而通过集中资源合作调度能在资源有限的情况下执行更多的项目。研究结果为项目管理者基于数字化资源共享平台实现资源合作调度和寻求合理的收益分配方案提供了支持,具有一定的理论与实践意义。
In the context of digitization,project resources can break information barriers and space constraints through resource cloudification.It objectively provides conditions for resource sharing among projects.Thereby it can improve resource utilization efficiency and create more revenue.At the same time,the revenue created by resource sharing needs to be reasonably distributed among projects.Firstly,based on the resources owned by each project,this paper established a resource-constrained project cooperative scheduling model that pooled resources to maximize additional revenue,and obtained the optimal or sub-optimal scheme of cooperative scheduling and the corresponding additional revenue.Secondly,the cooperative game model was established with the additional revenue as the characteristic function.The properties of the cooperative game of project scheduling are analyzed.The core,Shapley value,nucleolus,and proportional revenue sharing method were used as the allocation scheme of additional revenue.Numerical experiments show that most of the project groups can bring an increase in the collective revenue through cooperative scheduling.In addition,some projects may not be able to be completed independently by themselves with the reduction of resources,but more projects can be executed through cooperative scheduling.The research results provide support for project managers to realize resource cooperative scheduling and seek additional revenue distribution schemes based on the digital resource sharing platform,and have certain theoretical and practical significance.
作者
林小围
周晶
卢珂
LIN Xiaowei;ZHOU Jing;LU Ke(Department of Basic Courses,Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023,China;School of Management and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210093,China;School of Management Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210044,China)
出处
《工业工程与管理》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期48-56,共9页
Industrial Engineering and Management
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(71732003)
国家自然科学青年基金项目(72003098)
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(22YJCZH101)
南京工业职业技术大学引进人才科研启动基金项目(YK21-12-04)。
关键词
资源共享
项目调度
收益分配
合作博弈
resource sharing
project scheduling
revenue sharing
cooperative game
