摘要
探究不同添加剂处理笋壳对其发酵品质及湖羊瘤胃微生物的影响,采用小罐青贮的方式进行单独以及复合添加甲酸、纤维素酶、EM菌对笋壳发酵效果的影响研究,试验分为8个组:CK组(对照组)、FA组(甲酸)、CE组(纤维素酶)、EM组(EM菌)、FC组(甲酸+纤维素酶)、CM组(纤维素酶+EM菌)、FM组(甲酸+EM菌)、FCM组(甲酸+纤维素酶+EM菌),发酵80 d后测定营养成分和发酵品质。随之筛选出较优FM、FCM组进行湖羊饲养试验,采用单因素随机试验设计,选取30只体重相近[初始体重(16.68±1.05)kg]、健康状况良好的公湖羊,将试验羊随机分为3组,每组10只。结果表明:1)FM和FCM组青贮感官评价良好,CK和CM组较差,其他各组一般。2)FA、EM、FC、FM、FCM组干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)含量分别为:32.14%、32.37%、32.30%、33.96%、34.15%;9.31%、9.64%、9.80%、10.82%、11.18%;均显著高于CK组(29.34%、8.57%)(P<0.05);FCM组中性洗涤纤维(NDF,35.06%)显著低于FM组(37.48%)(P<0.05);FM、FCM组酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)分别为:27.45%、26.61%,均显著低于对照组(34.39%)(P<0.05)。3)FA、FCM组pH(3.75、3.74)显著低于FM、FC、CK组(3.94、3.86、4.15)(P<0.05);FA、EM、FC、FM、FCM组乳酸含量分别为:8.44%、8.33%、9.25%、10.83%、11.23%,均显著高于对照组(7.90%)(P<0.05),其中FM和FCM组显著高于其他组(P<0.05);FA、FC、FM、FCM组氨态氮/总氮(AN/TN)分别为:5.51、6.05、5.97、5.45,均显著低于对照组(7.24)(P<0.05)。4)FCM、FM组瘤胃乳头长度分别为:1.79、1.72 mm,显著高于CK组(1.28 mm)(P<0.05)。5)FCM、FM组Chao1指数分别为3007.31、2897.70,均显著高于CK组(2456.21)(P<0.05)。6)CK、FCM组瘤胃球菌科相对丰度分别为:17.12%、19.12%,均低于FM组(20.98%),但无显著差异(P>0.05);FM组(6.44%)、FCM组(6.12%)BS11科相对丰度高于CK组(1.84%),但无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,复合添加青贮剂发酵笋壳感官品质、发酵特性和营养品质提高,用于饲喂湖羊,能促进湖�
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different additives on the fermentation quality of bamboo shoot shells,and to investigate the effects of the various silage products on rumen microorganisms of Hu Sheep.Formic acid,cellulase,and effective microorganisms were added alone or in combination and their effects on the fermentation of bamboo shoot shells in a small-tank silage system were determined.The experiment consisted of a control(CK,no additives)and seven treatment groups:The FA group(formic acid),CE group(cellulase),EM group(effective microorganisms),FC group(formic acid+cellulase),CM group(cellulase+effective microorganisms),FM group(formic acid+effective microorganisms),and FCM group(formic acid+cellulase+effective microorganisms).The nutrient composition and fermentation quality of the silage in each treatment and in CK were measured after 80 days of fermentation.On the basis of these analyses,the optimal groups,FM and FCM,were selected for a feeding experiment with Hu Sheep.In the feeding experiment,30 healthy,disease-free male Hu Sheep with similar body weight[(16.68±1.05)kg]were selected and randomly divided into three groups,with 10 sheep per group.It was found that:1)The sensory quality of silage was good in the FM and FCM groups,poor in CK and the CM group,and average in all the other groups.2)The dry matter(DM)contents were 32.14%,32.37%,32.30%,33.96%,and 34.15%in the FA,EM,FC,FM,and FCM groups,respectively,while the crude protein(CP)contents were 9.31%,9.64%,9.80%,10.82%,and 11.18%,respectively.The DM and CP contents were significantly higher in all treatment groups than in the control(DM,29.34%;CP,8.57%)(P<0.05).The neutral detergent fiber content was significantly lower(P<0.05)in FCM silage(35.06%)than in FM silage(37.48%);While acid detergent fiber contents were significantly lower(P<0.05)in FM silage(27.45%)and FCM silage(26.61%)than in CK silage(34.39%).3)The pH was significantly lower(P<0.05)in FA and FCM silages(3.75 and 3.74,respectively)than in FM,FC,and CK silages
作者
覃娟清
党浩千
金华云
郭宇康
张富
刘庆华
QIN Juan-qing;DANG Hao-qian;JIN Hua-yun;GUO Yu-kang;ZHANG Fu;LIU Qing-hua(College of Animal Science(College of Bee Science),Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期155-167,共13页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
福建农林大学菌草科学及产业高质量发展项目(XKJC-71202103D)
福建省2022年中央引导地方科技发展资金“菌草及菌物饲料开发与应用”(2022L3085)资助。
关键词
笋壳
添加剂
发酵品质
湖羊
瘤胃微生物
bamboo shoot shell
additive
fermentation quality
Hu Sheep
rumen microorganisms
