摘要
基于黄土高原丘陵沟壑水土保持生态功能区A县和秦巴生物多样性生态功能区B县的面对面访谈数据,应用农户脆弱性VEP测度模型和方法,探讨生态保护区农户脆弱性及其成因。研究发现,A县和B县脆弱性分别为34.02%和40.67%,通过脆弱性分解分析,可以观察到,A县和B县分别有15.18%和16.34%的农户是由于均值引致的脆弱性,而33.70%和25.10%的农户是由于风险引致的脆弱性。现阶段,比起低消费均值,高波动所引起的脆弱性风险更应受到关注。同时,两个国家级自然保护区的自然禀赋和区位条件有所差异,农户脆弱性成因也不同,A县人口老龄化所带来的人力资本质量较低是造成农户脆弱性的主要原因,建立养老和兜底保障体系是改善脆弱性的关键环节。而B县人口年龄结构比A县更年轻化,更具活力,物质资本、自然资本等都发挥积极作用,如何为本地农户提供多样化生计,为外出务工人员提供技术、信息支持,则是B县降低脆弱性的工作重心。政府需要结合生态保护区实际情况制定环境保护和经济发展帮扶政策。
Based on the face-to-face survey of County A in the Ecological Functional Area for Soil and Water Conservation of the Loess Plateau,and County B in the Qinba Biodiversity Ecological Function Zone,this study applies the VEP model to estimate the farmers’vulnerability and analyze its causes in ecological protection areas.The results indicate that the vulnerability of County A and County B are 34.02%and 40.67%,respectively.Based on the decomposition of vulnerability,it can be observed that 15.18%and 16.34%of farmers in County A and County B are mean-induced vulnerability,while 33.70%and 25.10%are risk-induced vulnerability.At present,the vulnerability caused by volatility should be given more attention.Meanwhile,due to difference of natural endowments and location conditions,the causes of vulnerability of the two national nature reserves are heterogeneous.In County A,the low quality of human capital brought about by aging is the main reason for the vulnerability.Therefore,establishing the elderly care and security system is a key to improving vulnerability.However,compared to County A,the population in County B is younger and more energetic,and its material and natural capital both play a positive role.Therefore,how to provide diversified livelihoods for local farmers and provide technical and information support for migrant workers is the focus of reducing vulnerability.This conclusion provides important insights for the government to formulate targeted assistance policies to develop local economy and protect the environment in nature reserve.
作者
赵媛
ZHAO Yuan(Jinhe Center for Economic Research,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)
出处
《陕西行政学院学报》
2023年第4期10-16,共7页
Journal of Shaanxi Academy of Governance
基金
陕西省社会科学基金项目“陕西省农户贫困脆弱性和控制返贫对策研究”(2019D014)。
关键词
脆弱性
生态保护区
生计资本
vulnerability
nature reserve
household’s livelihood
