摘要
口岸作为我国对外开放的门户,通过与载体城市互动,形成具有等级层次和功能分工的门户城市体系。基于2001年和2018年口岸数据,通过改造城市流模型测算口岸城市门户功能变化,从而揭示21世纪以来中国门户城市体系的演变特征与规律。研究表明:①21世纪以来门户城市外向服务水平显著提升,2018年客运、货运外向服务功能量和价值量较2001年均提升4倍和8倍,但从绝对量值看,货运外向服务价值量小于客运。区域尺度上,客运、货运虽均呈现东、西、中、东北逐级递减态势,但东部在货运中占比跌幅较大。不同运输部门的客运、货运外向服务在区域与城市尺度上也存在较大差异。②中国城市门户性形成了东部领先、中西部增强和东北减弱的区域演化格局,Dagum基尼系数测算表明城市门户性的区域空间差距缩减,地区间差异是门户功能空间分异的主要来源。③门户城市可划分为全国性门户城市、区域性门户城市、省级门户城市、地方门户城市4类,等级结构呈稳定的“金字塔”形。
As the gateway of China's opening to the outside world,port forms a gateway-city system with hierarchical and functional division through interaction with carrier cities.Based on the port data of 2001 and 2018,this paper measures the gateway function changes of port cities by transforming the urban flow model,so as to reveal the evolution characteristics and laws of China's gateway system since the 21st century.The research shows that:(1)Since the start of new century,the external service level of gateway-city has significantly improved,the external service function and value of passenger transport and freight have increased by 4 and 8 times compared with those in 2001.But the external service value of freight is less than that of passenger transport.Although passenger transport and freight are gradually decreasing in the whole country,the decline of freight in East China has been steeper than the other three regions.There are also significant regional and urban differences in external passenger and freight services in different transport sectors.(2)China's gateway-city property indexes have formed a regional evolution pattern of eastern leading,central and western strengthening and northeast weakening.Using the Dagum Gini coefficient method found that the regional spatial gap of gateway property has been reduced,and the main source for the spatial differentiation of gateway function in China is the disparity among regions.(3)All gateway cities can be divided into four grades:national gateway cities,regional gateway cities,provincial gateway cities and local gateway cities,the hierarchical structure of China gateway-city shows a stable'pyramid'shape.
作者
郭建科
秦茂森
曹凡
GUO Jianke;QIN Maosen;CAO Fan(Center for Studies of Marine Economy and Sustainable Development,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China;University Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Economy High-Quality Development of Liaoning Province,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China;College of Digital Application,Dalian University of Finance and Economics,Dalian 116029,China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;Research Institute of Sustainable Development,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)
出处
《世界地理研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第10期14-27,62,共15页
World Regional Studies
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41871112)
教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目(22JJD790028)。
