摘要
[目的]了解云南某区典型农田土壤重金属污染情况。[方法]通过对云南某区典型重金属污染农田土壤进行取样调查,分析土壤中重金属Cd、As、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr和Hg含量,并采用主成分分析、相关性分析、单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法和潜在生态危害指数法结合GIS插值来评价土壤重金属污染情况、来源和潜在风险。[结果]研究区农田土壤中Cd、As、Cu、Zn和Hg含量高于云南省土壤背景值,且Cd、As、Cu含量在不同深度均高于《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》(GB 15618—2018)中的风险筛选值,部分表层土壤样品中Cd、As、Cu、Zn含量超标,重金属超标率顺序为Cu>Cd>As>Zn>Pb=Cr=Hg。Cd、Pb和Cr在研究区表层土壤中空间分布相似,其含量分布表现为研究区域从东向西逐渐下降。As与Zn高值区主要分布在研究区的西南部,Cu含量空间分布呈西北高、东南低,而Hg在土壤中分布不均匀。单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法评价结果表明,农田土壤受到Cd、As、Cu污染,其中Cu污染程度最为严重且研究区重金属总体水平处于中度污染程度。潜在生态危害指数法评价结果表明,Cd是主要的生态风险因子,以中等生态风险危害为主,当地土壤重金属污染处于轻度潜在生态危害程度。主成分分析和相关性分析表明,Pb和Cr主要来自成土母质,Cd以及部分Pb与Cr可能来源于污灌,As和Zn可能与工业废气排放有关,Cu可能来自有机肥料,而Hg可能是由于重金属粉尘的大气沉降导致的。[结论]云南某区典型农田土壤存在重金属污染,Cu污染程度最为严重,但Cd危害程度最大。
[Objective]To understand the heavy metal pollution of typical farmland soil in a certain area of Yunnan Province.[Method]The contents of heavy metals such as Cd,As,Pb,Cu,Zn,Cr and Hg in typical heavy metal contaminated farmland soils in a certain area of Yunnan Province were investigated;the principal component analysis,correlation analysis,individual pollution index,Nemerow comprehensive pollution index and potential ecological hazard index were used in combination with GIS interpolation to evaluate the status,sources and potential risks of heavy metal pollution in soils.[Result]The contents of Cd,As,Cu,Zn and Hg in the farmland soil of the study area were higher than the soil background values of Yunnan Province,and the contents of Cd,As and Cu at different depths were higher than the risk screening values in the Agricultural Land Pollution Risk Control Standard for Soil Environmental Quality(Trial Implementation)(GB 15618-2018).The contents of Cd,As,Cu and Zn in some surface soil samples exceeded the national standard,and the exceeding rate of heavy metals was in the order of Cu>Cd>As>Zn>Pb=Cr=Hg.The spatial distributions of Cd,Pb and Cr in the surface soil of the study area were similar,and their content distributions showed that the contents of these metals gradually decreased from east to west in the study area.The high values of As and Zn were mainly distributed in the southwest of the study area,the spatial distribution of Cu content was high in the northwest and low in the southeast,while Hg was unevenly distributed in the soil.The results of single pollution index and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index showed that farmland soil was polluted by Cd,As and Cu,Cu pollution was the most serious and the overall level of heavy metals in the study area was in the moderate degree.Potential ecological risk assessment indicated that Cd was the main ecological risk factor,with medium ecological risk as the main hazard,and the heavy metal pollution in local soil was at a mild potential ecological hazard degree.Th
作者
阮彦楠
吕本春
王志远
王应学
王伟
陈检锋
尹梅
陈华
付利波
RUAN Yan-nan;L Ben-chun;WANG Zhi-yuan(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resource,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming,Yunnan 650205;Kunming University,Kunming,Yunnan 650214)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2023年第21期65-72,共8页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家绿肥产业技术体系昆明综合试验站项目(CARS-22-Z-14)
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1700205)
昆明市农业农村局基金项目“种植制度优化与生物综合调控技术模式攻关研究”。
关键词
农田土壤
重金属
来源
污染
潜在生态风险
Farmland soil
Heavy metal
Source
Pollution
Potential ecological risk
