摘要
今日占台湾地区总人口约97~98%的台湾汉人中以漳泉系闽南人为多数(约65~70%),客家人则居人数弱势。清代台湾地区是“移民型社会”,使各个族群间“械斗事件”频仍,亦使清代台湾地区“客闽关系”欠佳。因清代台湾客家人处于“闽强客弱”环境,当时台湾客家人也会倾向成立“客家义民军”帮助朝廷平定几场以台湾闽南人为首的乱事,即是寄望朝廷能多垂青台湾客家人,多替台湾客家人主持正义的集体心理。后清朝虽灭,此心理因素在“闽强客弱”环境下仍不断酝酿,到民国时期广东罗香林等人呼吁客家人当“崇正中原”时,便自然地转化为台湾客家人想“崇正中原、孺慕中原”的集体心理。
Today,among the Han Taiwan Residents who account for about 97-98% of the total population in Taiwan region Province,the majority have always been Minnan(Southern Fujian)people from Zhangzhou and Quanzhou(about 65-70%),while Hakka are in the minority.In addition,Taiwan region was an“immigrant society”in the Qing Dynasty(1616 AD-1912 AD),which led to frequent“armed fights”among the ethnic groups and poor ethnic relations between Hakka and Minnan Taiwan Residents.In the Qing Dynasty,Hakka in Taiwan were in a weaker position than Minnan people,so they set up a“Hakka Yimin corps”to help the imperial court put down several riots led by the Minnan people.Their main purpose was to gain favor from the imperial court,who would uphold justice for Hakka in Taiwan.Although the Qing Dynasty ended,this group psychology of Hakka was still brewing in an environment with“strong Minnan people and weak Hakka.”When Luo Xianglin(罗香林)and others in Guangdong called on all Hakkas to“uphold the Central Plains”during the Republic of China,it naturally transformed into the collective psychology of Hakka in Taiwan to“uphold and cherish the Central Plains.”
作者
张正田
ZHANG Zhengtian(Normal Education College and Fujian-Taiwan Hakka Research Institute,Longyan University,Longyan,Fujian 364000,China)
出处
《河北师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2023年第6期56-63,共8页
Journal of Hebei Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“台湾林爽文事件及清廷‘褒忠’‘旌义’历史意义研究”(项目编号:18XZS015)。
关键词
清代台湾客家
崇正中原
台湾客闽关系
台湾族群关系
“大福佬沙文主义”
Hakka in Taiwan in the Qing Dynasty
uphold the Central Plains
the relationship between Hakka and Minnan(Southern Fujian)people in Taiwan
ethic relationship in Taiwan
“Great-Hoklo Chauvinism”
