摘要
为探究动物园土壤中耐高温真菌的群落组成及其降解角蛋白的能力。本研究以我国20个动物园的土壤样品为对象,在温度为40℃条件下,采用稀释平板法和形态学与系统学相结合的方法对动物园土壤中的耐高温真菌进行分离培养和鉴定,随后基于脱脂奶粉培养基和鸡羽毛发酵培养基对菌株进行降解角蛋白能力探究。结果表明,从动物园土壤中共分离获得耐高温真菌3399株,隶属于8纲、9目、15科、39属、60种。在科水平,20个动物园中曲霉科Aspergillaceae为优势科,曲霉科Aspergillaceae和毛壳科Chaetomiaceae为共有科。在属水平,曲霉属Aspergillus为所有样地的优势属和共有属。在种水平,黑曲霉A.niger为优势种。此外,本研究共获得6属10种35株能降解角蛋白的耐高温真菌,其中顶瓶梗霉属Acrophialophora降解角蛋白的菌株最多,有3种15株;其次为曲霉属Aspergillus的3种11株。光滑顶瓶梗霉Acrophialophora levis QHDZ1-2菌株的降解率最高,达52.90%。同时,顶瓶梗霉属Acrophialophora和嗜热疣霉属Thermothelomyces这2个属首次发现具有降解角蛋白能力。本研究将为进一步探究中国耐高温真菌群落组成、分布及其降解角蛋白菌株的开发利用奠定资源基础。
Soil samples from 20 Chinese zoos were selected as materials to analyze the community composition and ability of degrading keratin of heat-tolerant fungi of zoo soil.Under the temperature of 40°C,the target fungi were cultured by dilution plate method and identified on the basis of combining morphology and phylogeny.The keratin-degrading abilities of the fungi were explored on skim milk powder medium and chicken feather fermentation medium.In total,3399 strains of heat-tolerant fungi were isolated and identified from the zoo soil,belonging to 8 classes,9 orders,15 families,39 genera and 60 species.At the family level,Aspergillaceae was dominant in the 20 zoo soil samples,and Aspergillaceae and Chaetomiaceae were in common.At the genus level,Aspergillus was dominant.At the species level,A.niger was dominant.In addition,35 heat-tolerant keratin-degrading strains were obtained,belonging to 6 genera and 10 species,including 15 strains of 3 Acrophialophora species and 11 strains of 3 Aspergillus species.Acrophialophora levis QHDZ1-2 has the highest degradation rate reaching 52.90%.Acrophialophora and Thermothelomyces were first found to have keratin-degrading abilities.Further exploration of utilization of the keratin-degrading strains is profitable.
作者
王海燕
董醇波
张延威
陈万浩
梁建东
韩燕峰
WANG Haiyan;DONG Chunbo;ZHANG Yanwei;CHEN Wanhao;LIANG Jiandong;HAN Yanfeng(Institute of Fungus Resources/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education),College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;School of Biological Sciences,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,Guizhou,China;Basic Medical School,Center for Mycomedicine Research,Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China)
出处
《菌物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期2076-2090,共15页
Mycosystema
基金
国家自然科学基金(32060011,32160007,32260003)
贵州省百层次创新人才培养项目([2020]6005)
贵州省教育厅特色领域项目(黔教合KY字[2021]073)。
关键词
丝状真菌
耐高温真菌
资源调查
嗜角蛋白真菌
生物降解
filamentous fungi
heat-tolerant fungi
resources investigation
keratinophilic fungi
biodegradation
