摘要
天山西部区域是中亚地区降水量最多的区域,其向西开口独特河谷地形与西风环流构成了中亚区域独有的云降水物理过程,降水形成积雪、冰川和径流对中亚社会经济和生态环境形成重要影响。随着国家“丝绸之路经济带”建设的推进,对中亚水资源、气象防灾减灾和生态环境保护提出了严峻的科技挑战,而该区域云降水物理过程的观测和研究是科技基础,仍处于起步阶段,不能满足国家战略和中国气象事业发展需求,为此于2019年建设了天山西部区域云降水物理野外观测科学试验基地,并对云宏微物理、层状云/对流云雨滴谱、中/西天山雨滴谱特征异同、冷锋暴雪微物理等开展了相关研究并取得了前沿成果,本文对此进行提炼总结,以期推动中亚地区云降水物理学科发展。
The western Tianshan Mountains in China experiences the highest precipitation in Central Asia.The unique valley topography of the mountains at its westward opening and westerly circulation lead to an exclusive cloud-precipitation physical process in Central Asia.The formation of snow and glaciers and runoff by precipitation considerably affects the social economy and ecological environment of Central Asia.The proposal and implementation of the national“Silk Road Economic Belt”construction have posed serious scientific and technological challenges to water resources,meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation,and ecological environment protection in Central Asia.The observation and research on cloud-precipitation physical processes in this region is the basis of science and technology;however,it is still in its nascent stage and cannot meet the requirements of the national plan and China’s meteorological development.Hence,herein,a scientific experimental base was built for the field observation of cloud and precipitation physics in the western Tianshan Mountains of China in 2019,and relevant research was conducted on the macro and microphysical characteristics of clouds,raindrop spectrum characteristics of stratiform and convective clouds,similarities and differences in the raindrop spectrum characteristics between the central and western Tianshan Mountains,and microphysical characteristics of cold front snowstorm.This paper summarizes the frontier achievements to promote the development of cloud and precipitation physics in Central Asia.
作者
杨涛
杨莲梅
李建刚
仝泽鹏
YANG Tao;YANG Lianmei;LI Jiangang;TONG Zepeng(Institute of Desert and Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Climate Center,Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Cloud Precipitation Physics and Cloud Water Resources Development Laboratory,Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang,China;Field Scientific Observation Base of Cloud Precipitation Physics in West Tianshan Mountains,Xinyuan 844900,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期1602-1611,共10页
Arid Land Geography
基金
天山英才培养计划项目(2022TSYCLJ0003)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(IDM2022001)
中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所科技发展基金(KJFZ202301)资助。
关键词
野外观测试验
云降水
宏微物理特征
研究进展
中国天山西部区域
field observation test
cloud precipitation
macro micro physical characteristics
research progress
western Tianshan Mountains of China
