摘要
生物入侵对生态安全构成了巨大威胁,是导致全球生物多样性丧失的重要原因之一。互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)作为我国滨海湿地环境中典型的入侵植物,从美洲大西洋沿岸引入,初期对我国沿海潮滩的保滩护岸、促淤造陆等方面确实起到了积极的作用,但也对当地生态系统产生了严重的负面影响。因此,研究互花米草的入侵机制及生态学效应具有重要意义。本文首先介绍了互花米草在我国的入侵历史与分布现状,基于互花米草的生物学特性、与其他植物的竞争方式、在非生物环境中的适应性等角度分析其潜在的入侵机制;阐明互花米草在我国滨海湿地的生态学效应,探讨其对生物多样性、生态系统物质循环过程、湿地生境以及生态经济等方面的影响;综述当前防治措施的研究进展并对未来的研究方向进行展望,建议在未来环境变化背景下,加强互花米草对环境变化的响应与适应、入侵生态效应评价、入侵防控与合理利用等领域的研究,为今后我国沿海地区互花米草的研究、控制与利用提供新思路。
Biological invasion largely threatens ecological security.It is one of the leading causes for the loss of global biodiversity.A typical invasive plant in the coastal wetland in China,Spartina alterniflora,was introduced into China from Atlantic coast of America in order to promote siltation and buffer tides.When bring huge economic benefits to the coastal areas of China,this plant sowed a serious negative impact on local ecosystem.It is important to study the invasion mechanism and ecological effects of Spartina.In this review,we first summarize the invasion history and distribution status of S.alterniflora,and then analyzed its competition with other plants,and adaptability in abiotic environment bases on the biological characteristics of S.alterniflora.The potential invasion mechanism of S.alterniflora is also analyzed.The analyzed included also the ecological effects of S.alterniflora in the coastal wetlands of China,and its impacts on biodiversity,material circulation process of ecosystem,wetland habitat and ecological economy.We summarize the current research progresses of prevention and control measures and prospect for future research directions.Under the background of future environmental changes,it is recommended to strengthen the research on responses and adaptations of S.alterniflora to environmental changes,the evaluation of invasion ecological effects,invasion control,rational utilization and others,so as to provide new ideas for future research,control and utilization of S.alterniflora in the coastal areas of China.
作者
刘倩
李媛媛
王萍
周仲元
王悠
周斌
LIU Qian;LI Yuanyuan;WANG Ping;ZHOU Zhongyuan;WANG You;ZHOU Bin(College of Marine Life Science,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;School of Business,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)
出处
《海洋湖沼通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期155-163,共9页
Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42076221)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(202066001)。
关键词
生物入侵
互花米草
入侵机制
生态学效应
防治措施
biological invasion
Spartina alterniflora
invasion mechanism
ecological effect
prevention and control measure
