摘要
为探明不同N、P、K配比对玉米(Zea mays L.)光合生理特性、光合产物及子粒产量的影响,采用大田试验,研究其不同施肥水平下不同生育期叶片光合物质生产能力的差异,探索玉米最佳施肥量,以期为吉林省中北部地区玉米高产高效施肥提供参考。结果表明,从拔节期到成熟期玉米叶片叶绿素含量整体呈先上升后下降趋势,叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)整体呈下降趋势,T10处理最高,叶片胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)呈先下降后上升趋势;从拔节期到成熟期T10处理的可溶性蛋白质含量、可溶性糖含量、淀粉含量均最高,玉米叶片可溶性蛋白质含量、可溶性糖含量呈先上升后下降趋势,叶片淀粉含量呈下降趋势;合理的N、P、K配施对玉米的茎粗有一定的影响,株高、茎粗除N肥起决定作用外,与P、K肥也有一定的关系;T7处理的倒伏率最高,T1处理的倒伏率最低;T10处理的玉米子粒产量最高,比对照T0增产176.6%,差异达到极显著水平。因此N为3水平的T10处理在光合生理特性、子粒产量方面综合表现最佳。
In order to investigate the effects of different N,P,and K ratios on the photosynthetic physiological characteristics,photosynthetic products,and grain yield of maize(Zea mays L.),field experiments were conducted to study the differences in leaf photosynthetic material production capacity at different growth stages under different fertilization levels,and to explore the optimal fertilization amount for maize,in order to provide reference for high-yield and efficient fertilization of maize in the central and northern regions of Jilin Province.The results showed that from the jointing stage to the mature stage,the chlorophyll content of maize leaves showed an overall trend of first increasing and then decreasing,while the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),and transpiration rate(Tr)of leaves showed an overall downward trend.T10 treatment was the highest,and the intercellular CO_(2) concentration(Ci)of leaves showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing;the soluble protein content,soluble sugar content,and starch content of T10 treatment were the highest from the jointing stage to the mature stage.The soluble protein content and soluble sugar content of corn leaves showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,while the starch content of leaves showed a trend of decreasing;reasonable application of N,P,and K had a certain impact on the stem diameter of corn.In addition to N fertilizer playing a decisive role,plant height and stem diameter were also related to P and K fertilizers;the lodging rate of T7 treatment was the highest,while the lodging rate of T1 treatment was the lowest;the maize grain yield under T10 treatment was the highest,with an increase of 176.6% compared to the control T0,and the difference reached a very significant level.Therefore,T10 treatment with N fertilizer level of 3 performed the best in terms of photosynthetic physiological characteristics and grain yield.
作者
祝静雪
王莹
房晓琨
陈展宇
ZHU Jing-xue;WANG Ying;FANG Xiao-kun;CHEN Zhan-yu(Faculty of Agronomy,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Jilin Changchun National Agricultural High-tech Industry Demonstration Zone,Gongzhuling 136100,Jilin,China;Shulan City Small Town Comprehensive Service Center,Shulan 132606,Jilin,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2023年第10期13-21,共9页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
关键词
玉米(Zea
mays
L.)
施肥水平
光合生理特性
光合产物
子粒产量
maize(Zea mays L)
fertilization levels
photosynthetic physiological characteristics
photosynthetic products
grain yield
