摘要
王龙溪服膺礼教,推崇礼法之士,在家族和地方进行礼义教化;同时他坚持以礼修身,通过持礼工夫来提升道德修养、恢复良知。但由于当时社会上礼义与礼仪相割裂,产生了只重仪式不重礼义的现象,故王龙溪对异化后的礼教进行批判,将其视作一朵结不出果实的千叶之花。其批判的目的在于强调礼义,他以良知解礼,同时在讨论“良知”时侧重于“无”,追求斩尽枝叶、洗净铅华,以礼义统摄繁文缛节,最终实现良知的光复与礼义的回归。在“无”的方面,王龙溪比王阳明走得更远,因此产生了流弊,开后世“非名教所能羁络”之肇端,但又与泰州学派表现出较大差异。
Wang Ji was a staunch advocate of cultivation through rites and had deep respect for those who upheld Confucian ethical principles.He actively promoted moral cultivation in his family and local communities,and meanwhile he dedicated himself to self-cultivation through rites to improve his personal morality and restore innate knowing.At that time,however,there was a prevailing trend that prioritized rites and social norms over propriety and righteousness.Wang criticized this trend as fruitless,likening it to a flower that has a thousand leaves but bears no fruit.This analogy also reflects Wang’s unconventional and uninhibited character.Intended to emphasize the importance of propriety and righteousness,he related the concept of“ritual propriety”to innate knowing,and when discussing the topic of innate knowing,he attached great importance to its“intangibles.”In this way,he eliminated the non-essential elements,established propriety and righteousness as the principle for dealing with all other aspects and details,and ultimately revitalized innate knowing as well as propriety and righteousness.In terms of“intangibles,”Wang Ji went much further than his teacher Wang Yangming,and thus he exerted a negative influence on later generations,instigating their tenden cy to“break away from rites.”However,Wang Ji’s thought also showed signicant di erences from the Taizhou School.
作者
殷慧
廖春阳
Hou Jian(译)
Yin Hui;Liao Chunyang(the Yuelu Academy at Hunan University;the Department of Philosophy of the Yuelu Academy at Hunan University)
出处
《孔学堂》
2023年第2期66-77,I0072-I0085,共26页
Confucian Academy
基金
贵州省2020年度哲学社会科学规划国学单列重大课题“王阳明及其后学的礼学思想研究”(项目批准号:20GZGX08)
2020年度国家社科基金重大项目“中国礼教思想史(多卷本)”(项目批准号:20&ZD030)阶段性成果。
关键词
礼
良知
心学
王畿
ritual propriety
innate knowing
learning of the heart-mind
Wang Ji
