摘要
英国在第一次世界大战之后的外交战略以欧洲为重点,远东太平洋地区在其战略排序中位置靠后,面对美日在该地区的崛起,英国并不想通过武力争夺地区利益,而是将外交方式作为英国在远东太平洋地区的行动首选。英国外交部在华盛顿会议之前的战略研判一方面认为美日两国的崛起将挤占英国在该地区的战略空间,另一方面又未能充分重视这种战略趋势,而是希望通过对日绥靖与对美妥协的方式维持英国在该地区的战略利益。英国在经过一系列权衡取舍后,决定以英美日三方协定来替代英日同盟。在美国酝酿召开华盛顿会议之际,英国就对美国施加外交影响,并且围绕华盛顿会议的召开和筹备的主导权问题,英美展开了三个回合的激烈外交博弈。最终在美国坚持下,英国选择了妥协,将华盛顿会议的召开与筹备主导权让与美国。
After the First World War,British diplomatic strategy focused on Europe,and the Far East and the Pacific took a back seat in its strategic ranking.In the face of the rise of the U.S.and Japan in the region,Britain did not want to vie for the regional interests by force,while the mode of diplomacy became its preferred option instead.Before Washington Conference,British Foreign Ministry's strategic study and judgement showed that the rise of the U.S.and Japan would occupy its strategic space in the region,but it failed to pay sufficient attention to this strategic trend,only hoping to maintain its strategic interests in the region through appeasing Japan and compromising with the U.S.After a series of trade-offs,Britain decided to replace Anglo-Japanese Alliance with a tripartite agreement among Britain,the U.S.and Japan.When the U.S.planned to convene Washington Conference,Britain exerted the diplomatic influence on the U.S.and carried out three rounds of intense diplomatic games around the issue of dominant right to convene and prepare for Washington Conference.In the end,under the insistence of the U.S.,Britain chose to compromise and ceded the right to convene and prepare for Washington Conference to the U.S.
作者
李书剑
LI Shujian(School of History,Collaborative Innovation Center of the South China Sea Studies,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)
出处
《鲁东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2023年第5期45-53,共9页
Ludong University Journal:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
关键词
华盛顿会议
权力转移
英美外交博弈
英日同盟
Washington Conference
transfer of power
British and American diplomatic game
Anglo-Japanese Alliance
