摘要
【目的】在气候变化与人类活动共同作用影响下黄土高原地表植被覆盖情况发生了显著的变化,探究不同流域景观格局对水文过程和水分循环要素分配的影响,为优化流域植被空间配置与加强水资源管理提供理论依据。【方法】以蔡家川小流域主沟道及其内部4个子流域为研究对象,通过遥感影像解译土地利用现状,并基于2016-2019年5个小流域场次暴雨径流数据,采用偏最小二乘回归和皮尔逊相关分析,探究流域景观格局变化对径流组分的影响。【结果】(1)不同土地利用方式对径流形成的作用不同,相较农地(旱地),乔木林地、灌木林地、草地和果园的增加将减少流域产流。(2)流域径流总量与斑块密度、边缘密度和香农多样性指数呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与聚集指数、蔓延度指数和斑块凝聚度指数呈显著负相关(P<0.05),景观破碎程度减小或连通度与聚集度的提高,对流域径流总量具有明显削减作用。(3)不同土地利用方式的面积占比、斑块和景观水平的景观格局指数,均与流域基流指数间未见显著相关性,景观格局对流域基流影响较小。【结论】景观格局变化对流域径流总量具有较强调控作用,但对径流中的基流影响较弱。研究成果可为流域景观格局优化与水资源综合管理等提供有益参考。
[Objective]Under the combined effects of climate change and human activities,the surface vegetation coverage of the Loess Plateau has undergone significant changes.In order to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing spatial allocation of watershed vegetation and strengthening water resource management,we explored the impact of different watershed landscape patterns on the hydrological process and the distribution of water cycleelements.[Method]This study took the main channel of the Caijiachuan Small Watershed and its four sub-watersheds as the research object,the land use status was interpreted through remote sensing images,and based on the rainstorm runoff data of five small watersheds from 2016 to 2019,using partial least squares regression and Pearson correlation analysis methods to explore the effects of watershed landscape composition and pattern changes on runoff components.[Result](1)Different landuse patterns had different effects on runoff formation.Compared with farmland(dry land),the increase of arbor forest land,shrubland,grassland and orchard reduced watershed runoff.(2)The total watershed runoff was significantly positively correlated with patch density,edge density and Shannon diversity index(P<0.05),and was significantly negatively correlated with aggregation index,sprawl index and the patch cohesion index(P<0.05).The reduction of landscape fragmentation or the improvement of connectivity and aggregation had a significant reduction effect on the total runoff of the watershed.(3)There was no significant correlation between the area proportion of different land use patterns,the landscape pattern index of patch and landscape level and the basin base flow index.The impact of landscape pattern on the watershed base flow was small.[Conclusion]The change of landscape pattern has a strong regulating effect on the total runoff of the watershed,but the influence on the base flow is weak.The research result can provide useful references for the optimization of watershed landscape pattern and integrated m
作者
许文旭
毕华兴
王亚娟
Xu Wenxu;Bi Huaxing;Wang Yajuan(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Beijing 100083,China;Jixian National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,Jixian 042200,Shanxi,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation,Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering of Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing100083,China;Beijing Hydrological General Station,Beijing Water Affairs Bureau Water Quality and Ecological Monitoring Center,Beijing 100089,China)
出处
《北京林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期118-126,共9页
Journal of Beijing Forestry University
基金
国家重点研发课题(2022YFF1300401)
国家自然科学基金项目(31971725、U2243202)。
关键词
景观格局
径流
径流组分
小流域
晋西黄土区
landscape pattern
runoff
runoff components
small watershed
loess region of western Shanxi Province
