摘要
为研究城市地铁运行过程中潜在坍塌、火灾、水害等工程灾变对地铁空间安全性的影响,基于Fluent软件研究了多灾变条件下风速场、压力场、温度场的响应规律,揭示了多场响应机制,并提出相应的防控措施。结果表明:坍塌区域后方风速和风压减小;火灾发生后地铁空间风速和风压显著下降,火源与出风口之间温度急剧上升,升温10 K以上的区域半径超过10 m;水灾发生后地铁空间风速和风压升高,温度降低,越靠近出风口温度越低,最高降温2 K左右,但地铁边界处可降温15 K。地铁空间多灾变响应机制在于:坍塌导致地铁空间内形成风障,堵塞通风路径;火灾导致空气发热膨胀,在背风向形成不均匀分布;水灾使得地铁空间总体减小,风速、风压升高,而水的低温特性及风流作用导致环境温度出现不同的降低幅度。对于坍塌事故,需要及时清除坍塌区域,减少通风阻力;对于火灾事故,应重点防控灾变发生后温度的升高;对于水灾事故,在排水时应重视地铁空间温度的变化。研究结果对地铁灾变机制分析及现场救援具有理论价值。
In order to examine the impacts of potential engineering disasters,such as collapse,fire,and water damage,on the safety of subway space during the operation of urban subways,the Fluent software is used to explore the response laws of wind speed field,pressure field and temperature field under multiple disaster conditions,with the response mechanisms of multiple fields revealed,and the corresponding prevention and control measures proposed.The research results indicate that the wind speed and wind pressure behind the collapsed area decreased;since the fire,the wind speed and air pressure in the subway space significantly decreased,and the temperature between the fire source and the air outlet sharply increased.The radius of the area where the temperature increased by more than 10 K exceeded 10 meters;since the flood,the wind speed and wind pressure in the subway space increased,and the temperature decreased.The closer it was to the air outlet,the lower the temperature,with a maximum temperature drop of approximately 2 K.The subway boundary,however,can be cooled by 15 K.The multi-disaster response mechanism of subway space involves that collapse causes wind barriers to form in the subway space,blocking the ventilation path;since a fire,the gas heats up and expands,forming an uneven distribution in the leeward direction;the flood causes an overall reduction in subway space,with an increase in wind speed and wind pressure.And the low-temperature characteristics of water and the effect of wind flow lead to different degrees of reduction in environmental temperature.For collapse accidents,it is necessary to remove the collapse area and reduce ventilation resistance promptly;for fire accidents,emphasis should be placed on preventing and controlling temperature increases after disasters occur;for flood accidents,attention should be directed to temperature changes in the subway space during drainage.The research results are theoretically valuable for the analysis of subway disaster mechanism and on-site rescue.
作者
邱黎明
尤秋菊
何学秋
刘强
宋大钊
王远
王立涛
陈峥
QIU Liming;YOU Qiuju;HE Xueqiu;LIU Qiang;SONG Dazhao;WANG Yuan;WANG Litao;CHEN Zheng(School of Civil and Resource Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Urban Systems Engineering,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 100195,China;Guizhou Panjiang Coal Power Group Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550081,China)
出处
《西安科技大学学报》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第5期952-962,共11页
Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52004016)
2021年度贵州省科技支撑计划项目(〔2021〕515)。
关键词
地铁空间
坍塌
火灾
水害
多场响应规律
subway space
collapse
fire
water damage
multi-field response rule
