摘要
从“门罗主义”解释史与全球传播史的视角来看,梁启超堪称中国“门罗主义”话语研究的先驱者。他在旅日与访美期间深入了解并积极译介美国“门罗主义”与日本“亚洲门罗主义”话语,勾勒出从“美洲者美洲人之美洲”到“美洲者美国人之美洲”到“世界者美国人之世界”的演变轨迹,并很早就揭示了日本的“亚洲门罗主义”中隐藏的侵略意图,将其与美国的“门户开放”主张一起,纳入“灭国新法”覆盖范围。1916年以来,梁启超在段祺瑞政府中的短暂的“亲日时刻”,很大程度上是出于党派政治利益的考量而非对于日本“亚洲门罗主义”的认同。一战之后,梁启超在对巴黎和会的评论中进一步揭示了新国际体系与美日两国的“门罗主义”的关系。梁启超对于“门罗主义”话语的译介与研究,对当时的中国知识界与舆论界产生了巨大的影响。其著述中体现的“非正式帝国”的视野,对于认识当今的全球局势,仍然具有深刻的洞察力。
From the perspectives of the hermeneutic history of the Monroe Doctrine(门罗主义)and the history of its global dissemination,Liang Qichao(梁启超)can be regarded as a pioneer in the discoursal study of the“Monroe Doctrine”in China.During his travel in Japan and the US,Liang deeply studied and actively translated and introduced the discourses of the US“Monroe Doctrine”and Japanese“Asian Monroe Doctrine”to Chinese readers.He outlined the evolutionary trajectory of the substance of the“Monroe Doctrine”from the statement that“America is the Americans’America”,to that“America is the US Americans’America”,and then to that“The world is the US Americans’world”,and revealed the hidden aggressive intentions in Japan’s“Asian Monroe Doctrine”,combining it with the US“open-door”proposition as the embodiment of the“New Method to Subdue a Nation”.After 1916,Liang Qichao’s brief“pro-Japanese moment”in Duan Qirui(段祺瑞)Government was largely due to the consideration of the politics interests of domestic parties rather than the recognition of Japan’s“Asian Monroe Doctrine”.After World War I,Liang Qichao further revealed the relationship of the new international system with the US“Monroe Doctrine”and Japanese“Asian Monroe Doctrine”in his comments on the Paris Peace Conference.Liang Qichao’s translation,introduction and research on the discourse of the“Monroe Doctrine”made a huge impact on the intellectual circles and the press circles in China at that time.His vision of the“informal empire”in his writings still holds profound insights into the current global situation.
作者
章永乐
Zhang Yongle(School of Law,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
北大核心
2023年第5期107-119,共13页
Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
关键词
门罗主义
门户开放
非正式帝国
民族帝国主义
Monroe Doctrine
open-door policy
informal empire
national imperialism
