摘要
目的 了解10家健康小屋人群心血管病的风险程度、分布情况及影响因素,为防控心血管病提供参考依据。方法 选取2022年1月-2023年3月在乌鲁木齐市某三甲医院健康体检中心管理的10家健康小屋职工作为研究对象,对入选的1 678例职工分别进行问卷调查、体格检查和生化指标检测,按照《中国心血管病一级预防指南》的“三步”风险评估流程判定低、中、高风险人群,应用中国心脑血管病风险评估工具(China-PAR)计算短期(10年)和长期(终生)的发病风险,采用多因素二元Logistic回归分析高风险人群的影响因素。结果 1 678例研究对象中,高风险人群有83例,发病率为4.95%,标化发病率为4.56%。短期(10年)心血管病风险评估≥10.0%的高风险人群有242例,发病率为15.17%,标化发病率为13.07%,在CVD风险人群中,性别、年龄、文化程度、吸烟、职业、BMI、腰臀比、高血压和血脂异常等因素与CVD风险程度的高低密切相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与男性相比,女性CVD高危风险降低;大专或本科学历人群CVD高危风险较高中及以下人群降低;CVD高危风险随年龄增长而增加;(离)退休人员CVD高危风险是企事业单位工作人员的2.863倍;吸烟者CVD高危风险是非吸烟者的1.964倍。与正常体重者相比,超重和肥胖者CVD高危风险增加。与血压和血脂正常者相比,高血压和血脂异常者CVD高危风险均增加。结论 健康小屋心血管病高风险人群的一级防控应将男性、高龄、低文化程度、吸烟、超重/肥胖、高血压和血脂异常人群等列为重点关注对象,采取针对性的健康教育、干预及规范化管理,以降低职工心血管病的发病风险。
Objective To understand the risk level,distribution and influencing factors of cardiovascular disease in the population of 10 health huts,and to provide a reference basis for the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease.Methods 10 health hut workers managed by a tertiary hospital's health checkup center in Urumqi City from January 2022 to March 2023 were selected as the study subjects,and questionnaires,physical examinations and biochemical index tests were conducted on 1678 selected workers re-spectively,and in accordance with the"3-step"risk assessment process of the"Guidelines for Primary Pre-vention of Cardiovascular Disease in China",low,medium and high risk groups were determined,the short-term(10-year)and long-term(lifelong)risks were calculated with using the China-PAR tool,and the influencing factors of the high-risk groups were analyzed by multifactorial binary logistic regression.Results Among the 1678 study subjects,there were 83 high-risk risk groups,with a high-risk incidence rate of 4.95%and a standardized incidence rate of 4.56%.There were 242 high-risk individuals with short-term(10-year)CVD risk assessment≥10.0%,with a high-risk prevalence rate of 15.17%and a standardized prevalence rate of 13.07%.In the CVD-risk population,factors such as gender,age,educa-tion,smoking,occupation,BMI,waist-to-hip ratio,hypertension and dyslipidemia were closely related to the degree of CVD risk,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Compared with men,women had a lower risk of CVD;the risk of CVD among people with college or bachelor's degree was low-er than that among people with high school and below;the risk of CVD was increased with age;the risk of CVD among(retired)people was 2.863 times higher than that of workers in enterprises and public institu-tions;the risk of CVD among smokers was 1.964 times higher than that of non-smokers.Overweight and obese people had an increased risk of CVD compared with normal weight.Compared with those with nor-mal blood pressure and lipids,those wi
作者
朱瑜
王育珊
刘冬霞
木胡牙提
ZHU Yu;WANG Yushan;LIU Dongxia;Muhuyati(School of Health Management,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830017,China;School of Nursing,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830017,China;Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830017,China)
出处
《新疆医科大学学报》
CAS
2023年第10期1393-1398,1407,共7页
Journal of Xinjiang Medical University
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区研究生创新项目(XJ2023G200)。
关键词
心血管疾病
风险评估
健康小屋
体检人群
cardiovascular disease
risk assessment
health hut
physical examination population
