摘要
目的探究2018—2022年厦门市翔安区学龄前甲型流感病毒感染(甲流)患儿临床特点及疫苗接种情况。方法收集2018年11月—2022年10月翔安区哨点医院收治的学龄前甲流流感样患儿,收集其人口学资料、病史资料及疫苗接种情况并进行统计学分析。结果2018年11月—2022年10月共检测学龄前儿童甲流流感样病例1422例,其中阳性患儿283例,阳性率为19.90%。283例甲流毒株中176例(62.19%)为甲流H1N1,107例(37.81%)为甲流H3N2,除2019年11月—2020年10月甲流H1N1发病率低于甲流H3N2外,其余年份均低于甲流H3N2(P<0.01)。2种毒株感染性别、年龄及实验室检查结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2018年11月—2022年10月各年份接种率分别为43.97%、35.74%、53.43%、40.52%。经多因素Logistic回归分析显示学龄前甲型流感病毒感染与流感疫苗接种具有相关性(OR=1.669,95%CI:1.014~2.745)。结论本地区甲流病毒毒株以甲流H1N1和甲流H3N2为主,以甲流H1N1居多,2种毒株交替或共同流行。各年份疫苗接种情况不同,甲流流感发病率与疫苗接种情况有关,当地每年应加强学龄前儿童甲流疫苗接种,提高学龄前儿童甲流抗体水平。
Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and vaccination status of preschool children infected with influenza A virus(H1N1)in Xiang'an District,Xiamen City from 2018 to 2022.Methods To collect and sta-tistically analyze the demographic,medical history,and vaccination status of preschool children with influenza A like symptoms admitted to sentinel hospitals in Xiang'an District from November 2018 to October 2022.Results From November 2018 to October 2022,a total of 1422 influenza like cases were detected in preschool children,of which 283 were positive,with a positive rate of 19.90%.176(62.19%)of 283 influenza A virus strains were H1N1 influenza A,and 1107(37.81%)were H3N2 influenza A virus.Except that the incidence rate of H1N1 influenza A virus was lower than H3N2 influenza A virus strains from November 2019 to October 2020,the other years were lower than H3N2 influenza A virus strains(P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in gender,age,and laboratory test results between the two strains of virus infection(P>0.05).The vaccination rates for each year from November 2018 to October 2022 were 43.97%,35.74%,53.43%,and 40.52%,respectively.Multiple Lo-gistic regression analysis showed a correlation between preschool influenza A virus infection and influenza vaccina-tion(OR=1.669,95%CI:1.014-2.745).Conclusion The main strains of influenza A virus in this region are H1N1 and H3N2,with H1N1 being the predominant strain.The two strains alternate or co epidemic.The vaccina-tion situation varies in different years.The incidence rate of influenza A is related to the vaccination situation.The local government should strengthen the vaccination of preschool children against influenza A every year to improve the antibody level of preschool children against influenza A.
作者
蔡敬培
Cai Jingpei(Public Health Department,Xinwei Central Health Center in Xiamen Xiang'an District,Xiamen Fujian 361111)
出处
《口岸卫生控制》
2023年第5期18-21,共4页
Port Health Control
关键词
甲型流感病毒感染
临床特点
疫苗接种
Influenza A virus infection
Clinical characteristics
Vaccination
