摘要
目的了解农村地区15岁及以上脱贫居民的吸烟现状及影响因素,为有针对性地开展健康教育及加强控烟干预提供科学依据。方法于2022年11—12月选取河北省、四川省、云南省、山西省和陕西省5个省共10个村作为研究现场,将2018年所有建档立卡贫困户中所有15岁及以上常住居民531人作为调查对象,问卷调查烟草使用情况、烟草相关危害知识的知晓情况、健康状况等信息。采用SAS 9.4统计软件进行t检验、χ2检验、非参数检验和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果农村脱贫居民的现在吸烟率为35.97%,其中男性现在吸烟率(62.41%)高于女性(4.15%)。现在吸烟者关于烟草是否会引起肺部疾病以及低焦油卷烟和一般卷烟危害比较问题的知晓率高于现在不吸烟者,其余烟草危害知识问题现在吸烟者的知晓率均低于现在不吸烟者,均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男性(OR=30.485,95%CI:14.270~65.121)、饮酒(OR=3.605,95%CI:2.056~6.320)、经济水平中等(OR=2.970,95%CI:1.176~7.498)、经济水平高(OR=4.963,95%CI:1.132~18.777)均与现在吸烟高风险相关;少数民族(OR=0.314,95%CI:0.119~0.825)、高中及以上文化程度(与小学以下相比,OR=0.273,95%CI:0.093~0.803)、高血压(OR=0.485,95%CI:0.242~0.973)、烟草危害认知得分高(OR=0.922,95%CI:0.876~0.970)与现在吸烟低风险相关,均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论农村地区15岁及以上脱贫居民现在吸烟率较高,应特别关注农村地区的脱贫居民,有针对性地开展烟草使用危害的健康教育宣传并加强控烟干预。
Objective To understand the current smoking situation and influencing factors among out-of-poverty residents(≥15 years old)in rural areas,and provide the scientific basis for targeted health education and tobacco control intervention.Methods From November to December 2022,10 villages in 5 provinces(Hebei,Sichuan,Yunnan,Shanxi and Shaanxi)were selected as the research sites,531 residents(≥15 years old)in poverty families with filing card in 2018 served as the subjects.The investigation was performed with questionnaire(including the tobacco usage,awareness of hazard knowledge related to tobacco,and health status).The t test,χ^(2)test,non-parametric test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.The used software was SAS 9.4.Results The current smoking rate in rural residents out-of-poverty was 35.97%(males:62.41%,females:4.15).The awareness rates on the questions of whether tobacco causes lung disease and the comparison of the hazards of low-tar cigarettes and regular cigarettes in current smokers were significantly higher than those in current non-smokers;the awareness rates on the rest tobacco hazards knowledge in current smokers were significantly lower than those in current nonsmokers(P<0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that males(OR=30.485,95%CI:14.270-65.121),alcohol consumption(OR=3.605,95%CI:2.056-6.320),people with medium economic level(OR=2.970,95%CI:1.176-7.498),people with high economic level(OR=4.963,95%CI:1.132-18.777)were related with the higher risk of current smoking;ethnic minorities(OR=0.314,95%CI:0.119-0.825),educational level≥high school(as compared with primary school OR=0.273,95%CI:0.093-0.803),hypertension(OR=0.485,95%CI:0.242-0.973),high awareness score of tobacco hazards knowledge(OR=0.922,95%CI:0.876-0.970)were related with the lower risk of current smoking,P<0.05.Conclusion The current smoking rate among out-of-poverty residents(≥15 years old)in rural areas is high.It should pay attention to the out-of-povert
作者
程露
梁晓峰
吴静
徐建伟
吉宁
蒋炜
贾艾楠
CHENG Lu;LIANG Xiaofeng;WU Jing;XU Jianwei;JI Ning;JIANG Wei;JIA Ainan(School of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi Province 030001,China)
出处
《中国慢性病预防与控制》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期601-605,共5页
Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
基金
加强中国慢病综合防控计划中控烟政策有效实施项目(CHINA-29-09)。
关键词
农村地区
脱贫居民
吸烟
Rural areas
Out-of-poverty residents
Smoking
