摘要
生态缓冲带作为陆地生态系统和水生生态系统的交错地带,能够有效地拦截地表径流中氮、磷及除草剂等污染物质进入河流、湖泊。选取紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、早熟禾(Poa annua)、高羊茅(Festuca elata)、黑麦草(Lolium perenne)和白花三叶草(Trifolium repens)等5种草本植物构建生态缓冲带。通过野外模拟径流实验,探究植被类型及缓冲带长度对生态缓冲带阻控地表径流、铵态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)、总磷(TP)、溶解磷(DP)、颗粒磷(PP)、乙草胺(AC)、阿特拉津(AT)等污染物质效果的影响。结果表明:5种生态缓冲带均显著提高径流及面源污染物的阻控效率,且随缓冲带长度的增加,其对污染物阻控效率逐渐增大。不同植被生态缓冲带可有效消减地表径流量,大小依次为:黑麦草>高羊茅>早熟禾>白花三叶草>紫花苜蓿。其中,4 m长的黑麦草缓冲带对NO_(3)^(-)-N、TP、DP、PP和AC的阻控效率最高,分别达72.2%、73.2%、68.8%、83.5%和70.8%;4 m长的高羊茅缓冲带对NH_(4)^(+)-N和AT的阻控效率最高,分别达88.0%和77.3%。
The ecological buffer strip between terrestrial ecosystem and aquatic ecosystem can effectively intercept nitrogen,phosphorus,herbicides,and other pollutants in surface runoff into rivers and lakes.Alfalfa,Kentucky bluegrass,tall fescue,ryegrass,and white clover were selected to build ecological buffer strips.A field runoff simulation experiment was conducted to explore the effects of vegetation type and buffer strip length on the inhibition and control of surface runoff,ammonium nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N),total phosphorus(TP),dissolved phosphorus(DP),particulate phosphorus(PP),acetochlor(AC),and atrazine(AT).The results showed that the five types of ecological buffer strips significantly improved the resistance and control efficiency of runoff and non-point source pollutants,and that the control efficiency of pollutants gradually increased with the increased buffer length.Buffer strips of different vegetations effectively reduced surface runoff,with an order of ryegrass>tall fescue>Kentucky bluegrass>white clover>alfalfa.The 4-m long ryegrass buffer strip had the highest control efficiency for NO_(3)^(-)-N,TP,DP,PP,and AC,which reached 72.2%,73.2%,68.8%,83.5%and 70.8%,respectively.The 4-m long tall fescue buffer strip had the highest control efficiency for NH_(4)^(+)-N(88.0%)and AT(77.3%).
作者
汤家喜
谭婷
梁婕
王雪怡
姚鑫毅
徐颖
TANG Jiaxi;TAN Ting;LIANG Jie;WANG Xueyi;YAO Xinyi;XU Ying(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,Liaoning,China;Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期2402-2409,共8页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41501548)
辽宁省科技厅应用基础研究计划项目(2022JH2/101300123)
辽宁工程技术大学学科创新团队项目(LNTU20TD-24)资助。
关键词
生态缓冲带
乙草胺
阿特拉津
面源污染
ecological buffer strip
acetochlor
atrazine
non-point source pollution.
