摘要
降低工作压力已被广泛认为是最有效的减少滴灌系统维护和运行成本的方法之一。然而,使用高含沙水、回用水和微咸水等劣质水会增加灌水器堵塞的风险,因此探索了低压灌溉的可能性。使用高含沙水作为滴灌水源,分析了4个压力水平(50、80、100和130 kPa)对迷宫流道灌水器防堵塞性能的影响,并测量了灌水器中保留淤积泥沙和排放淤积泥沙的粒径分布。结果表明,工作压力对灌水器的防堵塞性能有显著影响。当工作压力低于80 kPa时,滴灌头中的淤泥积累速度更快(最终累计量达52.31 mg),灌水器的堵塞过程加速,防堵塞性能显著降低,灌水器在运行10.92~12.78 d后出现整体堵塞。工作压力大于80 kPa时,滴头抗堵塞能力逐渐降低,系统在运行17.87~27.96 d后,灌水器出现突发性堵塞。灌水结束后,灌水器中淤积泥沙V10(6.61~8.29μm)和V25(13.54~20.93μm)的含量呈下降趋势,平均粒径增加了12.41%~23.77%,且受工作压力影响较小;而增加工作压力有利于减少灌水器内V50(31.64~56.31μm)的泥沙占比(下降约13.12%),粗颗粒泥沙V75(51.82~78.25μm)、V90(80.76~118.13μm)在4种工作压力下均不易排出流道,且在较小的工作压力下容易粘结成为更大的颗粒增加灌水器堵塞风险。工作压力对灌水器排出粗颗粒泥沙的影响较大,对微小泥沙的排出影响较小。因此,在高含沙量的滴灌系统中,迷宫流道灌水器在低压灌溉时的工作压力应控制在80 kPa以上。
Reducing operating pressure has been widely acknowledged as one of the most effective approaches to minimize the maintenance and operation costs of drip irrigation systems.However,the use of low-quality water,such as high-sand water,reclaimed water,and brackish water increases the risk of emitters clogging,so we explored the possibility of low-pressure irrigation.In this study,the effect of four pressure levels(50,80,100,and 130 kPa)on the anti-clogging performance of the labyrinth channel emitters was analyzed using high-sand content water as the drip irrigation water source,and the particle size distribution of retained and discharged silted sediment in the emitter was measured.The results show that the operating pressure has a significant effect on the anti-clogging performance of the labyrinth channel emitter.When the operating pressure is lower than 80 kPa,the sludge accumulation in the drip irrigation head is faster(the final cumulative amount reached 52.31 mg),the clogging process of the emitter is accelerated,the anti-clogging performance is significantly reduced,and the emitter shows overall clogging after 10.92~12.78 d of operation.In contrast,the anti-clogging ability of the drip head gradually decreases when the operating pressure is greater than 80 kPa,and the system shows sudden clogging of the emitter after 17.87~27.96 d of operation.At the end of irrigation,the content of silted sediment V10(6.61~8.29μm)and V25(13.54~20.93μm)in the emitter showed a decreasing trend with an increase in the average particle size by 12.41%~23.77%,and was less affected by the operating pressure;while increasing the operating pressure was beneficial to reduce the percentage of V50(31.64~56.31μm)in the irrigator.The proportion of sediment(down about 13.12%),coarse particles of sediment V75(51.82~78.25μm),V90(80.76~118.13μm)in the four operating pressures are not easy to discharge the flow channel,and in the smaller operating pressure is easy to bond into larger particles increase the risk of emitter clogging.The op
作者
钱龙
余兴娇
吴立峰
裴青宝
QIAN Long;YU Xing-jiao;WU Li-feng;PEI Qing-bao(Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering,Nanchang 330029,China;College of Water Resources andArchitectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi Province,China;School of Hydraulicand Ecological Engineering,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330099,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2023年第10期114-123,共10页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
江西省水利厅科技项目(202123YBKT31)
江西省教育厅科学技术项目(GJJ180925)。
关键词
滴灌
灌水器堵塞
高含沙水
工作压力
泥沙粒径
drip irrigation
emitter clogging
water with high sediment content
operating pressure
sediment particle size
