摘要
目的为同级医院临床病原菌感染的预防、控制和治疗提供参考。方法收集重庆某医院2017年1月1日至2022年12月31日临床分离的菌株,分析主要病原菌的分布和耐药情况。结果共收集到病原菌11372株,其中检出率排名前5的病原菌分别为大肠埃希菌(22.51%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(19.53%)、铜绿假单胞菌(11.55%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(8.91%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(6.57%),6年间检出率均总体呈升高趋势,来源最多的样本为痰液(56.33%),其次为尿液(15.39%)、再次为脓液(14.39%)等。大肠埃希菌(84.04%)和肺炎克雷伯菌(87.73%)对氨苄西林耐药率较高;铜绿假单胞菌除对呋喃妥因、头孢呋辛酯、头孢唑林、氨苄西林、头孢曲松、氨苄西林舒巴坦、复方新诺明天然耐药外,对头孢他啶耐药率(17.35%)较高;金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素的耐药率(93.99%)较高;鲍曼不动杆菌对碳青霉烯类药物(除厄他培南外)的耐药率均高于60%,对复方新诺明和头孢哌酮舒巴坦保持较低耐药性。结论该院临床分离的病原菌以大肠埃希菌最常见,来源样本以痰液最多。临床应根据药敏试验结果选择适宜的抗菌药物,并采取加强耐药菌感染管理和监测、制订相关制度、实施药学监护等措施,防止耐药细菌的增加。
Objective To provide a reference for the prevention,control and treatment of clinical pathogenic bacterial infection in hospitals at the same level.Methods Clinical data of isolated bacterial strains in a hospital of Chongqing from January 1,2017 to December 31,2022 were collected,the distribution and drug resistance of major pathogenic bacteria was analyzed.Results A total of 11372 strains of pathogenic bacteria were collected,the top five with high detection rate were Escherichia coli(22.51%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(19.53%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(11.55%),Staphylococcus aureus(8.91%),Acinetobacter baumannii(6.57%),and the detection rates of the above five pathogenic bacteria showed an overall upward trend over the past six years.Sputum contained the most pathogenic bacteria(56.33%),followed by urine(15.39%)and pus(14.39%).Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae had high resistance rates to ampicillin,with 84.04%and 87.73%respectively.Pseudomonas aeruginosa had high resistance rate to ceftazidime(17.35%),except for natural resistance to nitrofurantoin,cefuroxime axetil,cefazolin,ampicillin,ceftriaxone,ampicillin and sulbactam,bactrim.Staphylococcus aureus had high resistance rate to penicillin(93.99%).Acinetobacter baumannii had high resistance rate to carbapenem(>60%)except for ertapenem,while had low resistance to bactrim,cefoperazone and sulbactam.Conclusion Escherichia coli is the most common in clinical isolation of this hospital,and sputum contained the most pathogenic bacteria.We should select appropriate antibacterial drugs based on the drug sensitivity test,strengthen the management and monitoring of drug-resistant bacterial infection,formulate relevant systems and carry out pharmaceutical care to prevent the increase of drug-resistant bacteria in clinical practice.
作者
周红
邓银
尤馨雅
冯军
唐红梅
李雨欣
ZHOU Hong;DENG Yin;YOU Xinya;FENG Jun;TANG Hongmei;LI Yuxin(People′s Hospital of Tongnan District,Chongqing,China 402660)
出处
《中国药业》
CAS
2023年第20期147-152,共6页
China Pharmaceuticals
关键词
病原菌
医院
抗菌药物
耐药性
检出率
pathogenic bacteria
hospital
antibacterial drug
drug resistance
detection rate
