摘要
失眠以睡眠启动和/或维持困难为突出表现,是最为常见的睡眠障碍,严重影响患者生活质量。因其难以在体外观察,因此动物模型对于镇静催眠药物的筛选和评价是至关重要的。本文对现有常用的失眠啮齿类动物模型进行梳理总结,分为应激诱导型和药物诱导型两大类,其中应激诱导型包括换笼法、水上平台法、足底电刺激、感官刺激、母婴分离、产前应激等,药物诱导型包括咖啡因、对氯苯丙氨酸、甲状腺素诱导失眠动物模型,并重点分析它们对睡眠结构的影响以及现有镇静催眠药物的作用效应。现有动物模型各有优势和特色,但均不能完全模拟临床失眠患者的所有特征。因此对于催眠药物的评价筛选应采用多种动物模型结合的方式,才能更加全面真实地反映其药效药理。
Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder with the prominent performance of difficulty in sleep initiation and/or maintenance,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.Due to the difficulty of observing in vitro,animal models are very important for the screening and evaluation of sedative and hypnotic drugs.In this paper,the existing commonly used insomnia rodent models were summarized and divided into 2 types:Stress-induced and drug-induced.The stress-induced models include cage changing stress,water platform stress,footshock stress,sensory stimulation stress,mother infant separation stress,prenatal stress and others.Drug-induced models includes animal models of insomnia induced by caffeine,p-chlorophenylalanine and thyroxine.Each model's influence on sleep structure and the effects of existing sedative and hypnotic drugs are analyzed.The existing animal models have their own advantages and characteristics,but they couldn't completely mimic all the characteristics of clinical insomnia patients.Therefore,the evaluation and screening of hypnotic drugs should adopt the combination of a variety of animal models in order to reflect their effects and mechanism more comprehensively.
作者
胡金
韦姗姗
彭君美
陈彦
寸德才
罗应会
普选国
HU Jin;WEI Shan-shan;PENG Jun-mei;CHEN Yan;CUN De-cai;LUO Ying-hui;PU Xuan-guo(School of Basic Medicine,Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine,Kunming 650500,Yunnan Province,China)
出处
《中国临床药理学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第18期2708-2712,共5页
The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
基金
云南省“高层次人才引进计划”入选人才专项基金资助项目(30171101300)
云南省教育厅科学研究基金教师类基金资助项目(2022J0363)。
关键词
镇静催眠药
失眠
动物模型
睡眠结构
sedative hypnotic
insomnia
animal model
sleep structure
