摘要
采用粉末冶金法制备6061铝合金,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜及硬度测试、拉伸测试等方法,研究了球磨时间和挤压态合金固溶时效处理对材料微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着球磨时间的延长,粉末形貌由球形逐渐变为扁平片状,并且粉末粒径逐渐增大。球磨2 h时,烧结态合金具有较好的致密度和综合力学性能,但较长的球磨时间将导致材料致密度和力学性能降低。烧结态合金经过热挤压后较优的固溶时效工艺为530℃×1 h+180℃×8 h,此时合金中析出弥散分布且细小的β″相,合金具有较高的强度(442 MPa)和硬度(125HV)以及合适的伸长率。其优良的力学性能主要是由弥散强化、细晶强化、固溶强化共同作用的结果。
The 6061 aluminum alloy was prepared by powder metallurgy method,and the effects of ball milling time and solution-aging treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of the extruded alloy were studied by means of optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,hardness test and tensile test,etc.The results show that with the prolongation of the ball milling time,the powder morphology gradually changes from spherical to flat sheet,and the powder particle size gradually increases.The sintered alloy has better density and comprehensive mechanical properties when milling for_(2) h,but longer milling time will lead to the decrease of density and mechanical properties of the material.The better solution-aging process of sintered alloy after hot extrusion is 530 ℃×1 h+180 ℃×8 h,at which time the alloy precipitates a diffuse distribution and a fine β″ phase,and the alloy has high strength(442 MPa) and hardness(125HV),as well as suitable elongation.Its excellent mechanical properties are mainly the result of the combination of dispersion strengthening,fine grain strengthening and solid solution strengthening.
作者
荣智峥
高阳
张朔
马佳俊
孙德建
RONG Zhizheng;GAO Yang;ZHANG Shuo;MA Jiajun;SUN Dejian(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
出处
《材料工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期136-145,共10页
Journal of Materials Engineering
基金
河南省科技研发项目(202102210037)。
关键词
粉末冶金
6061铝合金
球磨时间
热处理
微观组织
力学性能
powder metallurgy
6061 aluminum alloy
ball milling time
heat treatment
microstructure
mechanical property
