摘要
【目的】研究减氮条件下配施微生物菌剂对烤烟产量和土壤微生物多样性的影响,达到提高烟叶品质、改善土壤环境的目的。【方法】以云烟87为试验材料,采用随机区组试验,设置T1当地常规施肥(CK)、T2常规施肥+微生物菌剂、T3常规施肥减氮10%+微生物菌剂、T4常规施肥减氮20%+微生物菌剂4个处理,测定各处理不同时期烤烟农艺性状、烤后烟叶经济性状和成熟期根际土壤微生物群落多样性。【结果】(1)不同施肥处理和时期烤烟农艺性状均无显著差异,表明氮减量配施微生物菌剂下烤烟生长稳定。不同处理烤烟经济性状表现为T2、T3处理的产值与T1处理无显著差异;T4处理的产值为1351.56元/667m^(2),显著低于T2处理。与T1处理相比,其他各处理土壤理化性质各指标均没有显著差异。(2)微生物菌剂各处理增加了细菌和真菌总OTUs数量以及独有的OTUs数量,与T1处理相比,T2处理细菌独有的OTUs数量增加68.4%,T2、T3处理真菌独有的OTUs数量分别增加85.2%和78.2%,T2、T3处理的真菌总OTUs数量分别增加60.2%、54.9%;T2、T3处理真菌的丰富度均显著高于T1、T4处理。(3)细菌门水平下T4处理变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度较其他处理显著提高,真菌门水平在不同处理下无显著差异。(4)T1处理的有害微生物镰刀菌种(s_Fusarium_equiseti)的相对丰度高于其他处理,T4处理α-变形菌纲(c_Alphaproteobacteria)、鞘氨醇单胞菌目(o_Sphingomonadales)、芽单胞菌属(g_Gemmatimonas)、拟杆菌纲(c_Bacteroidota)等有益微生物数量显著提高。【结论】相比常规施氮,减氮10%配施微生物菌剂在稳产的同时烤烟产值提高12.5%,并改善了土壤微生物群落组成。
【Objective】The study aims to explore the effects of reducing nitrogen fertilizer combined with microbial agent application on flue-cured tobacco yield and soil microbial diversity.【Method】Using Yunyan 87 as the experimental material,four treatments were set up:T1 local conventional fertilization(CK),T2 conventional fertilization+microbial agent,T3 conventional fertilization+10%reduction of nitrogen fertilizer+microbial agent,and T4 conventional fertilization+20%reduction of nitrogen fertilizer+microbial agent.The agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco at different stages,the economic traits of flue-cured tobacco leaves,and the diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial communities at maturity were measured for each treatment.【Result】There was no significant difference in the agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco among different treatments and periods.This indicates that nitrogen reduction treatment did not affect the growth of flue-cured tobacco.The economic traits of flue-cured tobacco among different treatments showed no significant difference in the output value of T2 and T3 treatments compared to T1 treatment.The output value of T4 treatment was 1351.56 yuan/667 m^(2),which was a significant difference compared to T2 treatment.Compared with T1 treatment,there was no significant difference in soil physicochemical properties or indicators among different treatments.(2)Each treatment with microbial agents increased the total and unique OTUs of bacteria and fungi.Compared to T1 treatment,the T2 treatment increased the unique OTUs of bacteria by 68.4%,the total OTUs of fungi treated with T2 and T3 increased by 60.2%and 54.9%,respectively,T2 and T3 increased the unique OTUs of fungi by 85.2%and 78.2%,respectively,as well as the fungal richness(Chao index)of T2 and T3 treatments.(3)At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in T4 treatment was significantly higher than that in other treatments,and there was no significant difference in the level of fungi under different treatments.(4)The
作者
武春屹
罗莎莎
杨婷
卢颖林
和锐敏
钮越
张小莉
安玉兴
WU Chunyi;LUO Shasha;YANG Ting;LU Yinglin;HE Ruimin;NIUYue;ZHANG Xiaoli;AN Yuxing(College of Plant Protection,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Institute of Nanfan&Seed Industry,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510316,China)
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
2023年第8期52-65,共14页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
广东中烟工业有限责任公司科研项目。
关键词
烤烟
减氮
微生物菌剂
根际土壤微生物
微生物多样性
flue-cured tobacco
reducing nitrogen fertilizer
microbial agents
rhizosphere soil microorganisms
microbial diversity
