摘要
京仁4号是从杏与扁桃远缘杂交后代中选出的仁用杏新品种,母本为仁用杏品种龙王帽,父本为从意大利引进的扁桃品种意大利4号。果实7月中旬成熟,卵圆形,有果顶尖;成熟时果皮黄色,向阳面具片状红色,着色面积中等;果核卵圆形,核壳粗糙,单核平均纵横侧径分别为3.77、2.58和1.49 cm,平均鲜质量4.15 g;核仁饱满,味甜,双仁多,单仁平均纵横侧径分别为2.47、1.61和0.84 cm,平均鲜质量为1.15 g、干质量为0.93 g,离核;出仁率29.98%;杏仁脂肪含量(w,后同)为435.96 g·kg^(-1),蛋白质含量为288.28 g·kg^(-1),钙含量为1.11 g·kg^(-1),铁含量为23.01 mg·kg^(-1)。丰产稳产,适应性强,综合性状优良。
Kernel-used apricot is widely planted in three northern regions of China for its outstanding characteristics of cold resistance,drought resistance,and barren tolerance as an irreplaceable economic forest for developing agricultural economy and protecting the natural environment in mountainous areas.Compared with the excellent almond cultivars,the yield of the main cultivated kernel-used apricot in China is lower and the average single kernel mass is also lower.The growing regions of almond are very limited.Selection of innovative germplasm through distant hybridization has been successfully used in fruit breeding.In order to create a new germplasm combining the high yield of almond and the multi-resistance of kernel-used apricot,we made the distant hybridization between kernel-used apricot and almond and obtained F1 progenies.Through evaluation and selection of the hybrid progenies for many years,Jingren 4 bred from the cross of Longwangmao×Italy 4 was finally released as a new cultivar.The plant variety right was granted by the National Forestry and Grassland Administration in December 2022.The fruit of this new cultivar was ovoid with convex apex and the fruit peel was orange yellow when mature,with medium area red color on sunny side.The shell was ovoid with rough shell surface and plump kernel.The average longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter and side diameter of the single shell was 3.77,2.58 and 1.49 cm respectively,and the fresh shell weight 4.15 g.The kernel was sweet and large with average single fresh weight 1.15 g,dry weight 0.93 g,and high proportion of double kernel,the average longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter and side diameter of single kernel was 2.47,1.61 and 0.84 cm respectively.The content of fat in the kernel was 435.96 g·kg^(-1),the content of protein 288.28 g·kg^(-1),the content of Ca 1.11 g·kg^(-1)and the content of Fe 23.01 mg·kg^(-1).In Pinggu district of Beijing,the flower blossomed from late March to early April,with the flowering period of 5-7 days.The flowers were sol
作者
杨丽
王玉柱
张俊环
姜凤超
张美玲
于文剑
孙浩元
YANG Li;WANG Yuzhu;ZHANG Junhuan;JIANG Fengchao;ZHANG Meiling;YU Wenjian;SUN Haoyuan(Institute of Forestry and Pomology,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees,Beijing 100093,China;Apricot Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100093,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期2287-2290,共4页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1001203)
北京市农林科学院创新能力建设专项(KJCX20230118)
北京市农林科学院科研创新平台建设项目(PT2023-09)。
关键词
仁用杏
新品种
京仁4号
远缘杂交
Kernel-used apricot
New cultivar
Jingren 4
Distant hybridization
