摘要
为明确稻蟹共生对田间病草害的防控作用,通过开展微区试验,设置水稻单作持续淹水模式(RMF)、水稻单作晒田模式(RM-D)和稻蟹共生模式(RC)3种处理,对微区主要杂草和稻瘟病发生情况及水稻产量进行调查分析。结果表明,稻蟹共生模式能基本控制杂草的危害,与水稻单作模式相比,有效控制了水绵的发生,能显著抑制稻瘟病的发生,叶瘟发病率平均降低了14.8个百分点,穗颈瘟发病率平均降低了7.2个百分点,降低了水稻产量但差异不显著。水稻单作晒田模式相对于持续淹水模式,显著增加了三棱水葱[Schoenoplectus triqueter(L.)Palla]的数量,增加了稻瘟病的发生率,叶瘟发病率显著提高了8.3个百分点,穗颈瘟发病率显著提高了4.5个百分点,水稻产量有降低的趋势。
In order to clarify the effect of rice-crab symbiosis on the prevention and control of field diseases and weeds,three treatments:Rice monocropping continuous flooding mode(RM-F),rice monocropping drying mode(RM-D)and rice-crab symbiosis mode(RC)were set up through micro-area experiments,and the occurrence of major weeds and rice blast in micro-areas and rice yield were investigated and analyzed.The results showed that the rice-crab symbiosis mode could basically control the harm of weeds,effectively control the occurrence of spirogyra,and significantly inhibit the occurrence of rice blast compared with the rice mono-cropping mode.The incidence of leaf blast decreased by 14.8 percentage points on average,the incidence of panicle neck blast decreased by 7.2 percentage points on average,and the rice yield decreased but the difference was not significant.Rice monocropping with drying model compared with continuous flooding model,the number of Schoenoplectus triqueter(L.)Palla and the incidence of rice blast were significantly increased,the incidence of leaf blast was significantly increased by 8.3 percentage points,the incidence of panicle neck blast was significantly increased by 4.5 percentage points,and the yield of rice had a tendency to decrease.
作者
李伟晶
王洪媛
张怡彬
徐洋
李浩
刘宏斌
LI Wei-jing;WANG Hong-yuan;ZHANG Yi-bin;XU Yang;LI Hao;LIU Hong-bin(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2023年第9期64-69,共6页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0800500)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目。
关键词
稻蟹共生
水分管理
病草害
产量
稻瘟病
rice-crab symbiosis
water management
disease and weeds
yield
rice blast
