摘要
鉴于我国水资源南北区域分布不均衡,20世纪50年代开始党中央就提出南水北调工程。2002年,《南水北调工程总体规划》获得国务院批准,规划建设东线、中线、西线工程。目前中线、东线一期工程已经建成通水,南水北调后续工程是否为西线工程、西线工程何时开工为各方关注。但从工程安全性、经济合理性角度出发,南水北调西线工程都应放弃。取而代之的,把更多黄河之水用于中上游地区,增设中上游短距离引黄工程。与此同时,可增加南水北调中线、东线向北调水量,以满足黄河中上游用水增加时中下游的用水需求。除此而外,可以采取节水、节约粮食、海水淡化、南水南调、优化经济结构多种政策管理方式,进一步改善我国南北区域的用水需求。
Since China’s water resources distributed evenly between the south and the north,Chinese Communist Party Central Committee decided to construct the South-to-North Water Diversion Project since the 1950s.In 2002,the overall plan of South-to-North Water Diversion Project was approved by the State Council which proposed three routes:the west route,middle route and east route.At present,the first phrase of middle and east route project have been finished and gone into operation.And whether the follow-up project of South-to-North Water Diversion Project is the west route project and when the west route project will start are the concerns of all parties.From the perspective of the engineering safety and economic rationality,the west route project must be abandoned.Instead,more water from the Yellow River is used in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River,and the short-distance Yellow River Diversion Projects in the middle and upper reaches are added.At the same time,the water volume of the middle and east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project can be increased to meet the water demand of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River when the water consumption of the middle and upper reaches increases.Besides,other measures can be carried out such as water and food saving,seawater desalination,south-to-south water diversion,and optimization of economic structure,which can all help improve water resources allocation and demand in the north and south of China.
作者
周民良
ZHOU Minliang(Faculty of Applied Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China;Institute of Industrial Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100006,China)
出处
《开发研究》
2023年第4期1-12,共12页
Research On Development
基金
中国社会科学院智库基础研究项目“南北区域差距演变与协调发展政策导向”(2022年度)。
关键词
南水北调
西线
替代方案
黄河引水工程
中线
东线
South-to-North Water Diversion Project
west route
alternative solutions plan
the Yellow River Diversion Project
middle route
east route
