摘要
本文研究了存在需求双向替代和生产转换情形下的两产品动态批量决策和预测时阈问题。构建了包含时变的生产转换成本、替代成本以及两产品的生产成本和库存成本在内的成本最小化模型。在最优解性质的基础上,设计出前向动态规划算法求解问题。利用边际成本分析方法得出两产品生产点及再生点的单调性特征,并建立了相应的两产品再生集,最后给出求解预测时阈和相应的决策时阈的充分条件。运用数值实验分析了需求单向替代和双向替代情形下预测时阈的相对大小、同一周期最多发生一次生产转换与可以发生多次转换情形下预测时阈的相对大小,需求增长性与波动性对预测时阈的影响以及生产转换成本与替代成本同时变动时对预测时阈的影响。发现需求双向替代将增加预测时阈的长度,而同一周期可以发生多次生产转换将降低预测时阈的长度。预测时阈随着生产转换成本的增加而显著递增,随着需求增长参数和需求波动参数以及替代成本的增加而递减。
Demand(or product)substitution allows a customer who comes to purchase a specific product to accept or choose another available product when her original choice is unavailable or not offered.The notion of substitution has recently been recognized as an effective tool to improve the efficiency of multi-product inventory systems by taking advantage of the inherent flexibility.There are a large number of settings in which costs are incurred only when the product being produced is changed.Such a cost is referred to as the changeover cost.The flexibility associated with demand substitution can be used to address inefficiencies resulting from significant changeover costs.The dynamic lot sizing problem and forecast horizon under production changeovers and two-way demand substitution are analyzed.The optimal decisions of the production for a T-period problem are computed to minimize the production changeovers cost,variable production cost,substitution cost and hold⁃ing cost.Based on the structural properties of the optimal solution,a forward dynamic programming algorithm is developed to solve the problem.By the marginal cost analysis method,the sufficient condition is given to establish the monotonicity of production points for two products,then the regeneration set is established for two products and the sufficient condition is given to obtain the forecast horizon.Finally,a computational experiment is used to compare the length of forecast horizon under one-way and two-way demand substitution.The length of forecast horizon under at most one changeover and multiple changeovers in a period are also compared.The length of forecast horizon will be lengthened under two-way demand substitution,and will be shortened under multiple changeovers in a period.In addition,the length of forecast horizon increases with changeover costs,and decreases with the parameters of growth and variability and substitution costs.
作者
靖富营
慕银平
晁祥瑞
JING Fu-ying;Mu Yin-ping;CHAO Xiang-rui(National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,China;School of Management and Economics,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China;Business School,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)
出处
《中国管理科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期226-238,共13页
Chinese Journal of Management Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(72002020,71772025,71772026,71874023)。
关键词
预测时阈
需求双向替代
生产转换
动态批量
forecast horizon
two-way demand substitution
production changeovers
dynamic lot sizing
