摘要
以常规粳稻品种南粳9108和南粳5718为材料,以常规施氮模式(施氮量270kg/hm^(2),基蘖肥与穗肥比例为7:3)为对照(CK),在减氮条件(施氮量为225kg/hm^(2))下,设置了6种不同的氮肥运筹模式,分别为基蘖肥与穗肥比例为7:3(T1)、6:4(T2)、5:5(T3)、4:6(T4)、3:7(T5)、2:8(T6),研究了减氮条件下调整氮肥运筹模式对常规粳稻产量及稻米品质的影响。结果表明,氮肥减施及在减氮条件下降低基蘖肥用量,有效穗数和穗粒数呈显著降低趋势,而在减氮条件下通过增加穗肥用量能够显著提高结实率和千粒重,其中减氮处理(T2和T3)的产量与CK处理差异不显著。稻米品质方面,与CK处理相比,减氮条件下增施穗肥,整精米率、粒长、粒宽、垩白粒率、垩白大小、垩白度、蛋白质含量、消减值、回复值以及糊化温度均表现出不同程度的升高趋势,而直链淀粉含量、稻米食味值、峰值黏度、热浆黏度、崩解值和最终黏度则表现出降低趋势,其中南粳5718的T4、T5、T6处理和南粳9108的T6处理的食味值均显著低于CK处理。综上分析,减氮并调整氮肥运筹模式对常规粳稻产量和稻米品质均存在显著影响。减氮条件下的T2和T3处理能够实现减氮不减产并兼顾稻米品质。
Conventional japonica varieties Nanjing 9108 and Nanjing 5718 were used as tested materials and the conventional nitrogen application mode(nitrogen application amount was 270kg/ha,the ratio of basic-tiller fertilizer to panicle fertilizer was 7:3)as the control,six different nitrogen fertilization patterns(the ratio of basic-tiller fertilizer to panicle fertilizer was 7:3(T1),6:4(T2),5:5(T3),4:6(T4),3:7(T5),2:8(T6),respectively)were set under reduced nitrogen(225kg/ha)to study the effects of adjusting nitrogen fertilization patterns on grain yield and rice quality of conventional japonica rice.The results showed that the number of effective panicles and spikelets per panicle decreased significantly when nitrogen fertilizer was reduced and the amount of basic-tiller fertilizer was reduced.However,increasing the amount of panicle fertilizer could significantly increase the filled grain rate and 1000-grain weight under nitrogen reduction,and there was no significant difference between T2,T3 and CK treatments in grain yield.Compared with CK,with increasing the amount of panicle fertilizer under nitrogen reduction,head milled rice rate,grain length and width,chalky kernel rate,chalky area,chalkiness degree,protein content,setback,consistence value,and pasting temperature all showed an increasing trend,while amylose content,taste value,peak viscosity,hot paste viscosity,breakdown and final viscosity showed a decreasing trend.The taste value of T4,T5 and T6 of Nanjing 5718 and T6 of Nanjing 9108 were significantly lower than that of CK.In conclusion,nitrogen reduction and adjustment of nitrogen fertilizer patterns had significant effects on grain yield and rice quality of conventional japonica rice.T2 and T3 of nitrogen reduction treatments could achieve nitrogen reduction without yield reduction and give consideration to rice quality.
作者
刘秋员
李猛
高阳光
史孟豫
卫云飞
季新
厉励
刘亚丽
王付娟
Liu Qiuyuan;Li Meng;Gao Yangguang;Shi Mengyu;Wei Yunfei;Ji Xin;Li Li;Liu Yali;Wang Fujuan(Xinyang High Quality Rice Engineering Technology Research Center/Agriculture College,Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang 464000,Henan,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Shihe District of Xinyang,Xinyang 464000,Henan,China)
出处
《作物杂志》
北大核心
2023年第5期131-137,共7页
Crops
基金
河南省科技攻关计划(222102110129)
信阳市创新应用专项(20210006)
信阳农林学院科技创新团队(KJCXTD-202006)。
关键词
减氮
氮肥运筹
产量
品质
粳稻
Reduction of nitrogen
Nitrogen pattern
Yield
Quality
Japonica rice
