摘要
在中国古代美学研究中,自觉于中西传统美学的根本差异,重构“感情”范畴的哲学、美学内涵,才能真正显示它对于完善美学的美感论知识体系的价值所在。从哲学层面看,中国哲学的“感”不是认识论意义上的“感觉”“感知”,而是存在论意义上的世界生成方式和世界状态;因而所谓“感情”也属于存在论而非认识论范畴,是指“以情在世”,这也可以从中国哲学关于“性-情-理”关系的思辨中获得普遍的思想支持。由于以情在世或感情把人置于人与世界之间的全面、深刻、亲密的关联之中,敞开了人生在世的感性丰富性,因而它毋宁就是一种审美状态。同样作为美感经验,与“移情”作为变相的认知经验不同,“感情”属于人的日常的存在经验。移情与感情之别,既是认识论审美模式与存在论审美模式的本质之别在美感论上的显示,也从一个侧面反映出中西传统美学的根本差异。正是由于“感情”范畴具有彻底区别于“移情”说的内涵,使它在以“移情”说为代表的西方美学的美感论之外别具一格,从而对于完善人类美学的美感论知识体系具有实质性的构成意义。
In the study of ancient Chinese aesthetics,only by consciously recognizing the fundamental differences between traditional Chinese and Western aesthetics,and reconstructing the philosophical and aesthetic connotations of the category of“feeling”,can its value be truly demonstrated in the perfection of the theory of aesthetic experience.At the philosophical level,“feel”in Chinese philosophy is not“perception”or“awareness”in the epistemological sense,but the way of creating the world and its status in the ontological sense.So“feeling”,which is regarded as the ultimate reality of life,belongs to the category of ontology rather than epistemology.This is also proved clearly by the theoretical relation of“nature-feeling-principle”in Chinese philosophy.Because“feeling”places people in a comprehensive,profound,and intimate connection with the world,opening up the emotional richness of life,it is rather an aesthetic state.As an aesthetic experience,unlike“empathy”as a special cognitive experience,“feeling”belongs to a person’s daily ontological experience.The difference between empathy and feeling reflects the fundamental differences between epistemological and ontological models of aesthetics,a manifestation of the theory of aesthetic experience,as well as between traditional Chinese and Western aesthetics.Because“feeling”has connotations completely different from those of“empathy”and is clearly different from that in the theory of aesthetic experience of the Western aesthetics represented by the theory of“empathy”,it has substantive significance for improving the knowledge system of the theory of aesthetic experience.
作者
方英敏
程颖
FANG Yingmin;CHENG Ying(School of Philosophy,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)
出处
《云南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
北大核心
2023年第5期72-81,共10页
Journal of Yunnan Normal University：Humanities and Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金西部项目“身体美学的元问题研究”(21XZX006)。
关键词
美感论
感情
移情
学科建设
知识体系
theory of aesthetic experience
feeling
empathy
disciplinary construction
knowledge system
