摘要
本试验旨在研究荷斯坦牛产后疾病对繁殖性能的影响,对宁夏某奶牛场2676头适繁奶牛的繁殖状况及产后疾病发病情况进行跟踪调查,统计牛群出现产后子宫炎、胎衣不下、乳房炎、蹄病以及酮病的发病率,并分析了其对奶牛每次配种妊娠率和配准天数的影响。结果表明,产后健康奶牛第一次配种和第三次配种后的妊娠率(P/AI)显著高于患病牛的妊娠率,其中第一次配种妊娠率依次比胎衣不下、子宫炎、乳房炎、蹄病牛群高21.48、14.35、12.67、13.47个百分点(P<0.05),第三次配种妊娠率依次比胎衣不下、子宫炎、乳房炎、蹄病、酮病牛群高9.9、6.38、14.51、14.42、16.62个百分点(P<0.05);产后患酮病的奶牛第一次配种P/AI显著高于患胎衣不下的奶牛(P<0.05),而患胎衣不下、子宫炎、蹄病奶牛的妊娠率差异不显著(P>0.05)。健康奶牛的第一次配准天数为74.04d,患子宫炎奶牛配准天数较健康奶牛推后了3.4d,而患胎衣不下奶牛配准天数较健康奶牛提前了2.8d。发生产后疾病奶牛的配准天数在第二、三、四次配种中较健康奶牛都有所推后。产后四次配种后健康牛的总妊娠率最高,达90.55%,显著高于患胎衣不下和子宫炎的奶牛(P<0.05)。从本次试验可以得出,产后疾病降低奶牛的妊娠率、增加了奶牛的配准天数和配种次数。其中胎衣不下和子宫炎对奶牛妊娠率的影响最大,乳房炎、蹄病影响次之,酮病影响最小。
This study aimed to investigate the effect of postpartum disease on the reproductive performance of Holstein dairy cows.In this paper,the reproductive status and the incidence of postpartum diseases of 2676 breeding cows from a dairy farm in Ningxia province were followed up,and the incidence of postpartum retained placenta,metritis,mastitis,hoof disease,and ketosis were counted.The correlation analysis between the incidence of postpartum disease and the pregnancy rate was analyzed.The results showed that:the pregnancy rate(P/AI)of normal cows after the first and third mating was significantly higher than that of sick cows.The pregnancy rate of first mating was 21.48%,14.35%,12.67%,and 13.47%higher than that of the cows with retained placenta,metritis,mastitis,and hoof disease,the pregnancy rate of the third mating was 9.9%,6.38%,14.51%,14.42%,and 16.62%higher than that of the cows with retained placenta,metritis,mastitis,hoof disease and ketosis(P<0.05).The P/AI of cows with ketosis after parturition was significantly higher than that of cows with the retained placenta(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in pregnancy rate of cows with retained placenta,metritis,and hoof disease(P>0.05).For normal group cows,the day open is 74.04 days,the days from calving to first AI of cows with metritis is 3.4 days later than that of normal cows,and days from calving to first AI of cows with the retained placenta is 2.8 days earlier than that of normal cows.The registration days of cows with postpartum diseases were delayed in the second,third,and fourth mating than those of normal cows.The pregnancy rate of normal group cows reached 90.55%after four times of postpartum mating,which was significantly higher than that of cows suffering from the cows with retained placenta and metritis(P<0.05).This experiment shows that postpartum diseases reduce the pregnancy rate of dairy cows and increase the days from calving to first AI and breeding times.The influence of retained placenta and metritis on the pregnancy rate of d
作者
刘继甜
梁帅
文汇玉
陶金忠
LIU Ji-tian;LIANG Shuai;WEN Hui-yu;TAO Jin-zhong(Department of Animal Science,School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021;Ningxia Agricultural Reclamation Dairy Co.,Ltd,Yinchuan 750021)
出处
《中国奶牛》
2023年第9期19-23,共5页
China Dairy Cattle
基金
自治区重点项目(2022BBF03022)。
关键词
荷斯坦牛
疾病
妊娠率
配准天数
Holstein dairy cows
Disease
Pregnancy rate
Days open
