摘要
目的分析四川省职业性噪声聋发病特征,为科学防控职业性噪声聋提供依据。方法收集2012—2021年四川省职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统中报告的新发职业性噪声聋病例,以及2015—2021年接触噪声作业人员职业健康监护的劳动者信息,并对数据进行分析。结果2012—2021年,四川省报告875例职业性噪声聋病例中男性808例,女性67例。平均发病年龄为(45.6±7.2)岁,不同性别发病年龄差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);平均发病工龄M(P25,P75)为11.0(7.0,20.0)年。病例主要分布在成都市和德阳市,分别为340例和319例,占全省总病例数的75.4%。大、中型企业病例分别为313例和315例,共占总病例数71.8%;经济类型以非公有制经济企业为主,报告626例,占71.5%,且发病工龄较公有制经济企业短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);制造业高发,共报告619例,占70.8%。结论2012—2021年四川省职业性噪声聋病例数呈波动上升趋势,发病工龄较短,并具有地区、行业聚集性,危害仍然较严重。须督促用人单位落实主体责任,从源头上治理噪声危害,保护劳动者健康。
Objective To study the characteristics of occupational noise-induced deafness in Sichuan Province and provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of occupational noise-induced deafness.Methods The new cases of occupational noiseinduced deafness reported by the occupational disease and health hazards monitoring information system in Sichuan Province from 2012 to 2021 and information of occupational health surveillance of noise exposed workers from 2015 to 2021 were collected,and the data were analyzed.Results A total of 875 cases of occupational noise-induced deafness were reported in Sichuan Province from 2012 to 2021,including 808 males and 67 females.The average age of onset was(45.6±7.2)years old,and the difference in the age of onset was statistically significant between sex groups(Ρ<0.05).The average length of service at onset[M(P25,P75)]was 11.0(7.0,20.0)years.The cases were majority distributed in Chengdu City(340 cases)and Deyang City(319 cases),accounting for 75.4%of the total cases in the province.There were 313 cases in the large-sized enterprises and 315 in the medium-sized enterprises,accounting for 71.8%of the total cases.In terms of economic type,the cases in non-public economic enterprises were the most,accounting for 71.5%,and the length of service of the cases was shorter than that of the cases in public economic enterprises,and the difference was statistically significant(Ρ<0.05).The cases concentrated in manufacturing industry,which accounted for 70.8%(619 cases).Conclusions From 2012 to 2021,the number of occupational noise-induced deafness reported in Sichuan Province is fluctuating and rising,with a short length of service at onset,and it has regional and industry clustering,which the harm is still relatively serious.It is necessary to urge the employing units to implement the main responsibility and control the noise hazard from the source,to protect the health of workers.
作者
蒋恩霏
商维维
杜利利
JIANG Enfei;SHANG Weiwei;DU Lili(Institute for Occupational and Radiological Health,Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu Sichuan,610041,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2023年第16期2282-2286,共5页
Occupation and Health
基金
四川省软科学研究计划项目(2021JDR0338)。
关键词
噪声
职业性噪声聋
发病特征
四川省
Noise
Occupational noise-induced deafness
Epidemic characteristics
Sichuan Province
