摘要
目的研究孕期膳食营养指导对孕产妇妊娠结局的影响。方法选取2021年6月—2022年8月在乌鲁木齐市妇幼保健院开展孕早期保健的559名单胎初孕孕妇为研究对象,分为干预组和常规组。干预组孕妇给予常规孕期检查和规范的个体化膳食营养指导,常规组开展常规孕期检查和治疗,不提供个性化营养膳食指导。分析两组孕妇分娩方式及妊娠结局,以及两组新生儿发生早产、巨大儿、低出生体重儿、新生儿窒息的差异。结果干预组孕产妇的妊娠期糖尿病(χ^(2)=5.169)、妊娠期高血压(χ^(2)=4.878)和贫血(χ^(2)=8.269)发生率均低于常规组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组孕产妇的巨大儿(χ^(2)=5.341)和低出生体重儿(χ^(2)=4.546)的发生率均低于常规组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过对孕期妇女开展膳食营养指导与个性化营养干预,促使孕妇科学调整合理膳食结构,均衡营养,可降低妊娠并发症的发生概率,减少巨大儿和低出生体重儿的发生。孕期膳食营养指导是改善妊娠结局的健康科学、经济有效的方法,值得在临床工作中广泛推广应用。
Objective To investigate the influence of the guidance of nutritional dietary on the pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women.Methods From June 2021 to August 2022,totally 559 pregnant women with single fetus and first gestation received early pregnancy care were selected as the subjects in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital.The pregnant women were divided into intervention group and routine group.The routine pregnancy checkups,standardized and individualized dietary nutrition guidance were supplied to the pregnant women in the intervention group.Meanwhile,the routine pregnancy checkups and treatments were supplied to the pregnant women in the routine group without the guidance of personalized nutritional dietary.The differences were analyzed in delivery mode,pregnancy outcome,premature delivery,macrosomia,low birth weight infant,and neonatal asphyxia between two groups.Results The incidence rates of gestational diabetes mellitus(χ^(2)=5.169),gestational hypertension(χ^(2)=4.878)and anemia(χ^(2)=8.269)in intervention group were lower than that in the routine group,with statistical differences(all P0.05).The incidence rates of macrosomia(χ^(2)=5.341)and low birth weight infant(χ^(2)=4.546)were lower in the intervention group than that in the routine group,with statistical differences(all P0.05).Conclusions The rational dietary structure and balanced nutrition of pregnant women are scientifically promoted by the dietary nutrition guidance and personalized nutrition intervention during pregnancy.The probability of the occurrence of pregnancy complications,macrosomia and low birth weight infant could be decreased.Dietary and nutritional guidance is the healthy,scientific and cost-effective method for improving pregnancy outcomes during pregnancy,and worthy to be widely applied in clinical works.
作者
李芳
张玉霞
王磊
LI Fang;ZHANG Yu-xia;WANG Lei(Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Urumqi,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830001,China)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2023年第4期6-9,共4页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
基金
国家科技部科技基础资源调查专项“中国孕产妇营养与健康科学调查”(2019FY101000)之课题“孕产妇膳食状况科学调查”(2019FY101002)
乌鲁木齐市卫生健康委科技计划项目(202101)。
关键词
孕期营养
妊娠结局
新生儿状况
Pregnancy nutrition
Pregnancy outcome
Neonatal condition
