摘要
目的 了解浙江省宁波市老年人阿尔茨海默病(AD)初筛阳性情况,并分析影响因素,为老年人AD防治提供依据。方法 采用多阶段分层比例抽样方法抽取宁波市户籍的≥60岁老年人作为调查对象,采用问卷调查收集人口学、生活方式、躯体状况和社会活动信息,采用简易智力状态检查(MMSE)量表进行AD初筛;采用多因素logistic回归模型分析AD初筛阳性的影响因素。结果 调查34 027人,年龄(71.71±6.89)岁。男性15 115人,占44.42%;女性18 912人,占55.58%。乡镇16 146人,占47.45%;城区17 881人,占52.55%。AD初筛阳性2 476人,初筛阳性率为7.28%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄(70~<75岁,OR=1.357;75~<80岁,OR=1.807;80~<85岁,OR=2.782;≥85岁,OR=4.907)、性别(女性,OR=1.118)、现居地(城区,OR=0.713)、婚姻状况(未婚,OR=3.078;丧偶/分居/离异,OR=1.301)、文化程度(小学,OR=0.629;初中及以上,OR=0.609)、退休前职业(其他,OR=0.741)、家族遗传史(无,OR=0.651)、家庭可支配月收入(1 000~<2 000元,OR=0.636;2 000~<3 000元,OR=0.569;≥3 000元,OR=0.448)、锻炼(很少,OR=0.855;规律,OR=0.780)、慢性病种类(2~5,OR=1.328)、听觉减退(无,OR=0.764)、嗅觉减退(无,OR=0.615)、慢性便秘(无,OR=0.696)、重大生活负性事件(无,OR=0.804)、主观记忆力下降(无,OR=0.583)、睡眠质量(一般,OR=0.640;很好,OR=0.616)、居住方式(与配偶同住,OR=0.300;独居,OR=0.315;与子女同住,OR=0.350)和社交活动(2~3次/周,OR=0.584;≥4次/周,OR=0.409)是AD初筛阳性的影响因素。结论 宁波市老年人AD初筛阳性率较高,年龄、性别、家庭经济条件、锻炼、社交活动和躯体状况等是AD初筛阳性的影响因素。
Objective To investigate the preliminary screening results of Alzheimer's disease(AD)among the elderly in Ningbo City,Zhejiang Province and analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide insights into prevention and control of AD in the elderly.Methods A multi-stage stratified proportional sampling method was used to select the registered residents aged 60 years and older in Ningbo City as subjects. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, physical con⁃ditions and social activities of the subjects was evaluated with questionnaires. AD was screened using the Mini-MentalState Examination (MMSE), and factors affecting the positive rate of AD preliminary screening were identified using amultivariable logistic regression model. Results A total of 34 027 elderly residents were investigated, with an mean ageof (71.71±6.89) years. There were 15 115 males (44.42%) and 18 912 females (55.58%), 16 146 residents living in ru⁃ral areas (47.45%) and 17 881 residents living in urban areas (52.55%). The positive rate of AD preliminary screeningwas 7.28% (2 476 cases). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age (70 to 74 years, OR=1.357;75 to79 years, OR=1.807;80 to 84 years, OR=2.782;85 years and older, OR=4.907), gender (female, OR=1.118), residence(urban areas, OR=0.713), marital status (unmarried, OR=3.078;widowed/separated/divorced, OR=1.301), educational level(primary school, OR=0.629;junior high school and above, OR=0.609), occupation before retirement (others, OR=0.741),family genetic history (no, OR=0.651), household disposable monthly income (1 000 to 1 999 Yuan, OR=0.636;2 000 to2 999 Yuan, OR=0.569;3 000 Yuan and above, OR=0.448), exercise (seldom, OR=0.855;regular, OR=0.780), number ofchronic diseases (2~5, OR=1.328), hearing loss (no, OR=0.764), smell loss (no, OR=0.615), chronic constipation (no, OR=0.696), major negative life events (no, OR=0.804), subjective memory loss (no, OR=0.583), sleep quality (general, OR=0.640;good, OR=0.616), living style (living with spouse, OR=0.300;living
作者
杨红英
袁月荣
李金成
高燕
罗侃
吴鑫琦
李链
边国林
YANG Hongying;YUAN Yuerong;LI Jincheng;GAO Yan;LUO Kan;WU Xinqi;LI Lian;BIAN Guolin(Department of Psychiatry,Ningbo Kangning Hospital,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315201,China;Haishu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315012,China;Xiangshan Third People's Hospital,Xiangshan,Zhejiang 315722,China;Yuyao Third People's Hospital,Yuyao,Zhejiang 315400,China;Cixi Seventh People's Hospital,Cixi,Zhejiang 315311,China)
出处
《预防医学》
2023年第10期849-855,共7页
CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL
基金
宁波市医学科技计划项目(2020Y22)
宁波市康宁医院同义青苗人才基金(TYQM12)
宁波市康宁医院同义基金(KNYY202006)。
关键词
阿尔茨海默病
老年人
影响因素
Alzheimer's disease
the elderly
influencing factor
