摘要
目的海员群体长期受到环境单调性及封闭性影响,对航行安全带来重大隐患,亟待改善海员心理健康问题。方法采用症状自评经典量表(SCL-90)评估海员心理健康状况,并围绕舱外物理环境、舱内环境和外界支持三类影响因素设计航海作业环境行为学量表,研究海员的心理健康水平及影响因素。结果水面作业海员SCL-90总分和10个因子得分都显著高于水下作业海员(P<0.01),风浪、极端天气、噪声和娱乐运动场所是最主要的影响因素。结论选择合适的航海时间,优化海员值班制度和船舱布局设计,并适当添设一些娱乐设施有利用海员的身心健康和航行安全。
Objective The seafarer community has been affected by the monotony and confinement of the environment for a long time,which poses a major risk to the safety of navigation,and there is an urgent need to improve seafarers'mental health.Methods In this paper,the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)was used to assess the mental health of seafarers,and the Behavioral Scale for Maritime Operations Environment was designed around three categories of influencing factors:external physical environment,in-cabin environment and external support,to study the mental health level of seafarers and its influencing factors.Results The total SCL-90 score and 10 factors scores of surface operation seafarers were significantly higher than those of underwater operation seafarers(P<0.01),and wind and waves,extreme weather,noise and recreational sports venues were the most important influencing factors.Conclusion Choose suitable sailing time,optimize seafarers'duty system and cabin layout design,and add some recreational facilities appropriately.
作者
李可心
王川
王子莹
陆志波
LI Ke-xin;WANG Chuan;WANG Zi-ying;LU Zhi-bo(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Naval Center for Distinctive Medicine,Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《人类工效学》
2023年第4期1-8,共8页
Chinese Journal of Ergonomics
基金
同济大学碳中和研究院资助课题(20230003)
深海密闭作业环境认知能力相关标志物筛选与验证研究(22AH0701)。
关键词
海运工程
量表设计
海员
心理健康
影响因素
环境
航行安全
marine engineering
scale design
seafarers
mental health
influencing factors
environment
navigation safety
