摘要
在实行城乡公交一体化过程中,公交补贴已成为政府财政不小的负担,并且既有补贴方案效果不佳。为提高政府补贴效率,使公交补贴效益最大化,从政府角度和方便居民出行角度分析线路补贴效率系数、路段重复系数以及路段的客流分布情况,结果表明:当线路客流OD高且重复系数低、线路客流OD适中且重复系数低或线路客流OD低且重复系数低时,应使其补贴效率系数高于0.1;当线路客流OD适中且重复系数高或当线路客流OD低且重复系数高时,应使其补贴效率系数小于0.05;当客流OD适中且重复系数适中时,应使补贴效率系数处于0.05~0.1之间。在此基础上的单线公交补贴方案就能更加精准地反映公交线路的服务效果,既可提高财政补贴的效率,避免财政资金浪费,又关注了服务公平,为城市居民提供便利,保障居民出行权益。
In the process of implementing the integration of urban and rural public transport,public transport subsidy has become a burden of government finance,and the existing subsidy programs have not been effective.In order to improve the efficiency of government subsidies and maximize the benefits of bus subsidies,the subsidy scheme for urban and rural bus routes can be proposed from the government's perspective and from the perspective of facilitating residents'travel by analyzing the efficiency coefficient of route subsidies,the repetition coefficient of road sections and the passenger flow distribution of road.The research results show that when the line passenger flow OD is high and the repetition coefficient is low,when the line passenger flow OD is moderate and the repetition coefficient is low or when the line passenger flow OD is low and the repetition coefficient is low,the subsidy efficiency coefficient should be made higher than 0.1.When the line passenger flow OD is moderate and the repetition coefficient is high or when the line passenger flow OD is low and the repetition coefficient is high,the subsidy efficiency coefficient should be made lower than 0.05.When the passenger flow OD is moderate and the repetition coefficient is moderate,the subsidy efficiency coefficient should be between 0.05 and 0.1.The proposed subsidy scheme for single-line public transportation can more accurately reflect the service performance of the bus routes,improve the efficiency of financial subsidies,and avoid wasting financial resources.At the same time,it focuses on service fairness,provides more convenient and efficient public transportation services for urban residents,and protects their rights and internests in travel.
作者
卓高鸿
詹朝曦
高悦尔
ZHUO Gaohong;ZHAN Chaoxi;GAO Yue'er
出处
《西南交通大学学报（社会科学版）》
2023年第5期52-64,共13页
Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University(Social Sciences)
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“面向复杂网络的城市大运量公交站点影响区空间关系识别与土地利用模式研究”(5207082608)
厦门市交通运输局2019年年度项目“基于公共交通一体化的常规公交线网优化”(605-54318163)
厦门市交通运输局2019年年度项目“厦门市公共交通换乘和优惠政策优化调整和建议”(605-54318169)。
关键词
公交线路
财政补贴
公共交通
客流OD
城乡一体化
社会福利
bus lines
financial subsidies
public transportation
passenger flow OD
urban-rural integration
social welfare
