传统宠物主义:养宠人身份、宠物类型与宠物特质对宠物道德地位的影响

Traditional pettism:The influence of pet ownership status,pet type,and pet properties on pet moral standing

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摘要宠物与人类的关系日益紧密,宠物的道德地位也在发生微妙的变化。本文通过预研究将宠物分类成传统宠物和非传统宠物,并通过研究1~3探讨养宠人身份、宠物类型与宠物特质对宠物道德地位的影响及作用机制。结果发现:(1)传统宠物道德地位高于非传统宠物,该差异由能动性、感受性、危害性中介;(2)比起非传统养宠人,传统养宠人感知到的传统宠物道德地位更高;两者感知到的非传统宠物道德地位无显著差异;(3)动物同理心在传统养宠人宠物依恋与传统宠物道德地位之间起中介作用。这些结果表明宠物内部存在道德地位差别,表现为传统宠物主义,养宠人与宠物之间的情感联系在其中起到重要的促进作用。 An increasing number of people treat pets as their family members.Although there is no specific indication,that people first think of traditional pets such as dogs or cats when referring to pets.In this study,traditional pets are defined as widely popular pets that are accompanied by human beings;Non-traditional pets are defined as unique and novel pets that are different from traditional cognition.The factors that lead to the difference in perception of pet moral standing are not only pet properties but also pet ownership status.Recently,psychologists have sought to explore the relationship between people and pets.Such research dilemmas are focused on traditional pet owners and their traditional pets,and few studies pay attention to the relationship between non-traditional pet owners and their non-traditional pets.Here,we aim to investigate whether pet properties,pet ownership status,and pet type can affect the perception of pet moral standing and its mechanism.To define the traditional pets and non-traditional pets in our study,we first conducted a pre-study(N=29).For three studies,we used the snowball sampling technique to recruit participants voluntarily online via Qualtrics in Baidu Post Bar through a questionnaire.Study 1 explored the impact of pet ownership status,pet type,and pet properties on the perception of pet moral standing,N=146(traditional pet owners:41,non-traditional pet owners:53;women:77).In Study 2,based on controlling the basic moral orientation,the influence of pet ownership status and pet type on the perception of pet moral standing was reverified,N=148(traditional pet owners:72;women:74).Study 3 further explored the mechanism of this effect,the purpose is to investigate the empathy for animals in the relationship between pet attachment and the perception of traditional pet moral standing,N=202(women:108).The results showed that:(1)The perception of traditional pet moral standing is higher than that of non-traditional pets,agency,experience and harmfulness played a mediating role;(2)Compar

作者徐科朋欧倩倩薛宏罗冬丽张姝玥许燕 XU Kepeng;OU Qianqian;XUE Hong;LUO Dongli;ZHANG Shuyue;XU Yan(Department of psychology,Faculty of Education,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China;Guangxi College and University Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Applied Psychology,Guilin 541004,China;Ethnic Education Development Research Center of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Guilin 541004,China;Institute of Chinese National Community,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China;School of Psychology,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology、National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education(Beijing Normal University)、Faculty of Psychology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)