摘要
目的分析青少年运动员心电图特点,为青少年心血管风险预防提供参考。方法回顾分析2019年10月至2022年10月于山东第一医科大学第二附属医院进行健康体检的青少年心电图资料,统计运动员组心电图结果,并比较运动员组和非运动员组心电图中窦性心动过缓、非特异性室内传导阻滞、不完全性右束支阻滞、早期复极、左室高电压的检出率。结果共入选1059名青少年,运动员组529名,非运动员组530名。运动员组中男359例(67.86%,359/529),年龄(15.63±1.17)岁,非运动员组中男333例(62.83%,333/530),年龄(15.69±1.16)岁,两组性别、年龄比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。运动员组心电图观察:正常心电图242人(45.75%,242/529),运动员正常心电图274人(51.80%,274/529),运动员临界正常心电图6人(1.13%,6/529),运动员异常心电图7人(1.32%,7/529)。比较运动员组与非运动员组心电图,窦性心动过缓(26.47%vs.5.28%)、非特异性室内传导阻滞(4.73%vs.0.76%)、不完全性右束支阻滞(2.08%vs.0.38%)、早期复极(4.16%vs.1.09%)、左室高电压(3.78%vs.0.57%),运动员组检出率高于非运动员组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论青少年运动员存在心脏适应性改变,窦性心动过缓、非特异性室内阻滞、不完全性右束支阻滞、早期复极、左室高电压检出率显著高于非运动员青少年。
Objective To analyze the electrocardiogram(ECG)characteristics of adolescent athletes to provide a reference for the prevention of cardiovascular risk in adolescents.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the ECG data of adolescents who underwent physical examination in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from October 2019 to October 2022,collected the ECG results of the athlete group,and compared the detection rates of sinus bradycardia,nonspecific intraventricular block,incomplete right bundle branch block,early repolarization,and high left ventricular voltage in the ECG of athlete group and non-athlete group.Results A total of 1059 adolescents were enrolled,including 529 athletes and 530 non-athletes.There were 359 males(67.86%,359/529)in the athlete group,aged(15.63±1.17)years old;There were 333 males(62.83%,333/530)in the non-athlete group,aged(15.69±1.16)years old.There was no statistically significant difference in gender and age between the two groups(P>0.05).Observation of electrocardiogram in the athlete group:242 subjects had normal electrocardiograms(45.75%,242/529),274 athletes had normal electrocardiograms(51.80%,274/529),6 athletes had normal electrocardiograms with cut-off values(1.13%,6/529),and 7 athletes had abnormal electrocardiogram(1.32%,7/529).Compared with the non-athlete group,the athlete group had sinus bradycardia(26.47%vs.5.28%),nonspecific intraventricular block(4.73%vs.0.76%),incomplete right bundle branch block(2.08%vs.0.38%),early repolarization(4.16%vs.1.09%),and high left ventricular voltage(3.78%vs.0.57%).The detection rate of the athlete group was higher than that of the non-athlete group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion Adolescent athletes have cardiac adaptive changes.The detection rates of sinus bradycardia,nonspecific intraventricular block,incomplete right bundle branch block,early repolarization,and high left ventricular voltage are significantly higher than those of non-athlete adolescents.
作者
王颖慧
袁洋
孙玲燕
张晓晖
WANG Yinghui;YUAN Yang;SUN Lingyan;ZHANG Xiaohui(Department of Electrocardiogram,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University,Shandong,Tai'an 271000,China)
出处
《中国医药科学》
2023年第18期141-144,共4页
China Medicine And Pharmacy
关键词
心电图
运动员
青少年
心肌损伤
Electrocardiogram
Athlete
Adolescent
Myocardial injury
