摘要
【目的】了解西藏察雅县3~7岁儿童的营养状况,为当地卫生决策提供参考依据。【方法】采用横断面调查方法,于2021年6~7月对西藏察雅县13个乡镇1247名3~7岁幼儿园藏族儿童进行身高、体质量测量及血红蛋白检测。采用标准统计量检定法(Z值法),使用WHO儿童成长测评软件计算每个儿童的年龄别身高Z值(HAZ)年龄别体质量Z值(WAZ)、年龄别体质量指数Z值(BAZ)及3~4岁儿童的身高别体质量Z值(WHZ)。依据WHO营养不良及贫血诊断标准,评价儿童营养状况。【结果】察雅县3~7岁儿童WAZ及HAZ均值均低于WHO标准,除4岁线WAZ外,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。营养不良总体检出率为25.7%,生长迟缓率、低体质量、消瘦、超重、肥胖及贫血检出率分别为11.6%、11.8%、10.8%、3.3%、1.8%及29.3%。男童各项指标检出率均高于女童,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。农村儿童超重率及肥胖率低于城市儿童,其余各项检出率均高于城市儿童,低体质量率、肥胖率及贫血率的城乡差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄组各指标检出率中,超重率及贫血率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),4岁儿童超重率最高,5岁儿童贫血率最高。【结论】察雅县3~7岁儿童体格发育水平较差,营养不良及贫血患病率高。农村儿童低体质量及贫血问题较为严重,城市儿童超重和肥胖问题显现。应重视当地儿童的营养状况,加强营养不良及贫血的预防和干预。
【Objective】To understand the physical development level of 3-7 years old children in Zhag'yab,and to provide reference for local health decision-making.【Methods】A cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2021 and July 2021,with a sample of 1247 Tibetan children aged 3-7 years from kindergartens in 13 districts of Zhag'yab.Their height and weight were measured and the hemoglobin was detected by a unified method.Standard statistical method was adopted(Z-score method).Z-scores of length/height-for-age(HAZ),Z-scores of weight-for-age(WAZ),Zscores of body mass index(BMI)-for-age(BAZ)and Z-scores of weight-for-height(WHZ)were calculated by WHO Anthro v3.2.2 and WHO Anthro Plus.The nutritional status of children was evaluated according to WHO diagnostic criteria for malnutrition and anemia.【Results】The average WAZ and HAZ of children aged 3 to 7 in Zhag'yab were lower than the WHO standards,except for the WAZ of 4-year old,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The overall detection rate of malnutrition was 25.7%,stunting,underweight,wasting,overweight,obesity and anemia were 11.6%,11.8%,10.8%,3.3%,1.8%and 29.3%,respectively.The detection rates of all indicators in boys were higher than those in girls,and the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The overweight rate and obesity rate of rural chil⁃dren were lower than those of urban children,and the other detection rates were higher than those of urban children.The differences of underweight rate,obesity rate and anemia rate were statistically significant between urban and rural children(P<0.05).Among the detection rates of all indicators in different age groups,there were statistically significant differences in the overweight rate and the anemia rate(P<0.05).The overweight rate of children aged 4 and the anemia rate of children aged 5 were the highest.【Conclusions】The physical development of children aged 3 to 7 in Zhag'yab is poor,and the prev⁃alence of malnutrition and anemia is high.Underweight and anemia
作者
郭蕾
唐本玉
施欣
尼玛
次仁吉宗
张娟
朱顺叶
GUO Lei;TANG Ben-yu;SHI Xin;Ni-ma;Ji-zong Ci-ren;ZHANG Juan;ZHU Shun-ye(Department of Pediatrics,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510630,China;Department of Maternal and Child Health,People's Hospital of Zhag'yab County,Zhag'yab 854300,China;Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics,People's Hospital of Zhag'yab County,Zhag'yab 854300,China)
出处
《中山大学学报（医学科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期854-862,共9页
Journal of Sun Yat-Sen University:Medical Sciences
基金
广州市卫生健康科技项目(20181A011064)。
