摘要
机器视觉技术可实现物体尺寸的快速、非接触式检测,替代人工测量家具板件尺寸,解决测量效率低、连续性差等问题。本研究基于激光线阵相机与线结构光测量技术,构建一种适用于家具板件的三维尺寸在线测量系统,并分析该系统的测量精度与效率。家具板件在传送装置上以300 mm/s的速度作匀速运动,经过650 nm激光器照射的激光三角平面时,互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor,CMOS)传感器对家具板件表面反射的激光进行成像;使用锯齿靶标法标定,应用机器视觉软件Halcon读取相机标定文件和激光线阵相机生成的家具板件信息图像,经过图像处理,完成家具板件三维尺寸测量。结果表明:系统测量的板件厚度、宽度和长度,相对人工测量结果,最大偏差率分别为3.6%、0.5%和0.1%;对照QB/T4452—2013《木家具极限与配合》标准要求,测量的厚度最大差值小于IT15级公差值(<0.70 mm),宽度最大差值小于IT14级公差值(<1.00 mm),长度最大差值小于IT12级公差值(<0.90mm)。单件测量用时由人工测量的30.1s缩短至5.5s,表明系统的测量精度与效率优势。
Machine vision technology can realize rapid and non-contact detection of object size,and can replace the manual measurement method for furniture panels,so as to improve the efficiency,increase the detection speed,smooth the production continuity,and so on.In this study,a laser line-array camera combined with line-structured light measurement technology was used to build an online measurement system for furniture panels.The measurement accuracy and efficiency of machine vision technology were studied and analyzed.When the furniture panel moves at 300 mm/s uniformly on the transmission device and passes through the laser triangle plane irradiated by the 650 nm laser,the LASER reflected on the surface of the furniture panel is imitated by the CMOS sensor.After calibration with sawtooth target method,machine vision software Halcon is used to read the camera calibration file.The images of furniture panels are generated by the laser camera.After image processing technology,the dimensions of furniture panels in three directions of thickness,width,and length are detected respectively.The high-precision measurement of the furniture panel’s three dimension is realized.The results showed that the maximum deviation ratios of thickness,width,and length of furniture panels measured by the system compared to manual measurement were 3.6%,0.5%and 0.1%,respectively.The maximum difference in thickness was less than the IT15 level tolerance value(<0.70 mm),the maximum difference in width was less than the IT14 level tolerance value(<1.00 mm),and the maximum difference in length was less than the IT12 level tolerance value(<0.90 mm),according to the industry standard QB/T 4452—2013 Wood furniture Limits and fits.The measuring time for a single piece was shortened from 30.1 seconds to 5.5 seconds,indicating the advantages of good measurement accuracy and efficiency of the system.
作者
李荣荣
杨凡
赵书昌
吴智慧
杜荣
詹先旭
LI Rongrong;YANG Fan;ZHAO Shuchang;WU Zhihui;DU Rong;ZHAN Xianxu(College of Furnishings and Industrial Design,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China;Dehua Tubao New Decoration Material Co.,Ltd.,Huzhou 313200,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《木材科学与技术》
北大核心
2023年第4期13-19,共7页
Chinese Journal of Wood Science and Technology
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题“木质家居产品柔性制造技术”(2018YFD0600304)
国家木竹产业技术创新战略联盟科研计划课题“基于机器视觉的地板表板分等技术的研究”(TIAWBI202008)。
关键词
家具板件三维尺寸测量
机器视觉
线结构光
相机标定
图像处理
three-dimensional measurement for furniture panels
machine vision
linear structure light
camera calibration
image processing
