摘要
敦煌俗文学在中国文学发展史上占有重要地位,在20世纪20至30年代,以郑振铎等为代表的文学史家最早将其写入中国文学史著之中,极大地扩充了中国文学史著的篇幅,打开了撰写中国文学史著的新格局。敦煌俗文学的发现,解决了中国文学史上一系列重要问题。国内文学史家用翔实的敦煌文献分析了俗文小说兴起的原因,将敦煌变文视为白话小说的源头,把白话小说的起源时间追溯至五代之前,并根据演进过程将其分为3个支派:完全保存原来面目,一半保存着本来面目,以及采取俗文学的体制而另外创作一种新的作品。海外汉学家同样重视敦煌文献,他们更多地从文体学的视角审视敦煌俗文学,将其与后世的散文、诗歌和讲唱文学等联系对应起来,以彰显其宝贵的文体学价值,也拓展了它的研究范围。在他们看来,敦煌抄本提供了各种早已失传的文类、文体和具体文本,为理解中国中古时代的社会文化提供了无与伦比的财富。海内外文学史家在中国文学史著中对敦煌俗文学的书写和论述,提高了其影响力,推动了它的经典化进程。
The popular literature of Dunhuang has significant position in the historical development of Chinese literature.Zheng Zhenduo,who was the representative literary historians,and other literary historians firstly wrote it in the history of Chinese literature from the 1920th to 1930th.They absorbed many new materials,which greatly expanded the length and opened the new layout of the history of Chinese literature.The discovery about the popular literature of Dunhuang solved a series of important issues in the history of the Chinese literature.The domestic literary historians regarded“Dunhuang Bianwen”as the source of the vernacular fiction,dated the original time of the vernacular fiction before the Five Dynasties.They analyzed the reasons why the folk fiction arose through detailed Dunhuang literature and divided them into three groups according to the evolutionary process.The first was maintaining its original appearance completely;the second was maintaining its original appearance partly;and the third was using the structure of the folk fiction to create a new work.The overseas sinologists also valued the literature of Dunhuang.They more tended to inspect the popular literature of Dunhuang from the perspective of stylistics,contacted and corresponded them with the subsequent prose,poetry and poet,which can manifest its precious value of stylistics and also expanded its scope of the study.In their minds,the manuscripts of Dunhuang provided various early missing genres,literary forms and specific texts and incomparable wealth for comprehending the culture and society in Chinese middle ages.The writing and discussion of the overseas and domestic literary historians about the popular literature of Dunhuang in the history of Chinese literature,which enhanced its influences and promoted its canonical process.
出处
《高原文化研究》
2023年第2期126-134,共9页
Plateau Culture Research
基金
2023年度浙江省哲学社会科学规划后期资助课题“近代中国文学史著中的古典小说研究”(项目编号:23HQZZ29YB)
2021年度浙江省教育厅一般科研项目“中国文学史纂中的古典小说研究(1904—1949)”(项目编号:Y202148086)
2021年度浙江外国语学院博达青年教师科研提升专项计划(项目编号:2021QNZD1)的研究成果。
关键词
中国文学史著
敦煌俗文学
白话小说
文体学
the history of Chinese literature
the popular literature of Dunhuang
the vernacular fiction
stylistics
