摘要
楚国货币铭文中常见“[十斤]”字。据固镇楚布分析,“[十斤]”的基本含义为数词,指四分之一;在用作量词时,“[十斤]”又分别可与镒、两、锱等单位对应,指某一重量单位四等分后的衡值。从古文字演变角度来看,“[十斤]”应即“質(质)”字的声符“斦”字。结合其甲骨、金文字形考察,可知“斦”初象以斤分木之形,且分木之形实际是对“折”所从断木之形再次纵切的结果,以示半木再分。楚文字中“[十斤]”所表四分之一含义,即来自对其早期字形的会意。据此,本文还分类梳理了战国文字中表示四分之一的字词,并认为其早期含义多与切分有关。
The character zhi [十斤] was often used in the currency of the state of Chu during the Warring States period.Based on an analysis of Chu bu布coins from Guzhen,Anhui,the basic meaning of zhi is a numeral,specifically a quarter.Zhi was also used as a measure word similar to yi镒,liang两,and zi锱,and then it referred to the quarter value of a certain weight.From the perspective of the evolution of ancient characters,zhi [十斤] evolved from zhi斦,which is the phonophore of zhi質.Based on oracle bone and bronze inscriptions,zhi斦means“bisecting a half of wood,”so that it could point to a quarter.This paper also classifies and sorts out the words that represent a quarter in the Warring States period,and points out that their original meanings were mostly related to segmentation.
出处
《出土文献》
2023年第3期99-112,157,共15页
Excavated Documents
关键词
楚国
衡制
货币
度量衡
the state of Chu
measurements
currency
weights and measures
