摘要
水电工程实施生态调度以充分满足重要水生生物繁殖期的生态需求,是当前贯彻落实长江大保护的一项重要举措。2020~2021年金沙江中游梨园水电站连续实施了促进长薄鳅、圆口铜鱼等特有鱼类自然繁殖的生态调度试验,通过在梨园坝下江段设点观测鱼类早期资源和水文环境要素,以掌握鱼类自然繁殖对生态调度的响应情况,初步评估生态调度的实施效果。研究结果表明:鱼卵密度与坝下水温、出库流量有积极的响应关系;生态调度期间监测到圆口铜鱼、长薄鳅、中华沙鳅等鱼类的产卵活动;水温、流量条件是两年生态调度效果差异的主要影响因素。基于研究结果,提出了梨园水库生态调度优化建议:在金沙江中游特有鱼类资源衰退、适宜生境萎缩的背景下,建议尽快启动梨园、阿海等梯级水电站的联合生态调度试验,延长流水江段长度,保障特有鱼类的繁衍栖息。
Ecological operation of hydropower projects which can fulfill the ecological requirements in the breeding season of important aquatic organisms is an important measure to implement the great protection of the Changjiang River at present.The ecological operation experiment to promote the natural reproduction of endemic fishes such as Leptobotia elongata and Coreius guichenoti was carried out from 2020 to 2021 in Liyuan Hydropower Station in the middle of Jinsha River.The early fish resources and hydrological environmental elements were observed simultaneously in a sampling site downstream of the dam,in order to grasp the response of fish natural reproduction to ecological operation,and preliminary evaluate the implementation effect of ecological regulation.The results showed that the density of fish eggs had a positive response relationship with the downstream dam water temperature and the outflow.The spawning activities of Leptobotia elongata,Coreius guichenoti,Sinibotia superciliaris were monitored during ecological operation period.Condition of water temperature and flow rate were considered as the main factors affecting ecological operation in two years.Based on the results,some suggestions for optimizing the Liyuan ecological operation were put forward.Under the background of the decline of endemic fish resources and the shrinking of suitable habitats in the middle reaches of Jinsha River,it was suggested to urgently start the joint ecological operation of cascade hydropower stations such as Liyuan and Ahai hydropower stations,to extend the length of flowing water section to ensure the reproduction and habitat of endemic fish.
作者
徐薇
丁胜祥
陈音超
朱其广
崔福宁
XU Wei;DING Shengxiang;CHEN Yinchao;ZHU Qiguang;CUI Funing(Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources,Institute of Hydroecology of Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430079,China;Hubei Engineering Research Center of Hydroecology Protection and Restoration,Institute of Hydroecology of Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430079,China;Innovation Team for Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention of Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China;Bureau of Flood Control and Drought Fight,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China;Yunnan Huadian Jinsha River middle reaches hydropower Development Co.,Ltd,Kunming 650000,China)
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2023年第9期82-90,共9页
Yangtze River
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200304)
长江水科学研究联合基金项目(U2040205)
梨园水电站试验性生态调度效果监测项目(LY2020/S04,LY2021/S01)
武汉市知识创新专项项目(2022020801020173)。
关键词
生态调度
卵苗密度
鱼类繁殖
水温
流量
梨园水电站
ecological operation
density of eggs and larvae
breeding
water temperature
flow
Liyuan Hydropower Station
