摘要
土壤胶体因具有较大的比表面积及较强的吸附与迁移能力,其所携带的磷(胶体磷)已成为农田磷流失过程中的重要形态。为评估不同有机替代方式下稻田土壤胶体磷(P_(coll))的活性和流失潜力,本文依托两种有机肥部分替代化肥(控氮控磷与控氮不控磷)方式下稻麦轮作长期定位试验,探讨了P_(coll)含量变化、流失风险及其与不同土壤活性磷组分之间的关系。控氮控磷试验(4 a)设有3个处理:不施磷肥(CK)、单施化肥(CF)、猪粪有机肥替代30%化学磷肥(OF);控氮不控磷试验(24 a)设有3个处理:不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(CF)、猪粪有机肥替代40%化学氮肥(OF)。结果表明:在控氮控磷条件下,有机替代处理较单施化肥处理,土壤有机碳(SOC)、P_(coll)含量及其流失潜力(LPP)均无显著性差异,胶体钼蓝反应磷占比(R_(MRP),MRP_(coll)/P_(coll))显著降低1.76%(P<0.05)。在控氮不控磷条件下,有机替代处理的土壤P_(coll)和SOC含量分别为13.08 mg/kg和20.19 g/kg,显著高于单施化肥78%和212.6%(P<0.05);较单施化肥,土壤LPP和R_(MRP)分别显著升高了1.89%和16.05%(P<0.05)。两种有机替代方式下土壤P_(coll)与土壤全磷(TP)、真溶解态磷(TSP)、Olsen-P、CaCl2-P等均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);与土壤有机碳(SOC)在控氮不控磷条件下呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),在控氮控磷条件下无显著相关性。以上结果表明,较控氮控磷有机替代方式,长期仅控氮的有机肥施用显著增加了土壤有机碳、胶体磷和不同活性磷组分含量,磷流失风险升高。因此,有机肥部分替代化肥养分等量控制是改善农田磷流失可行的施肥方式。
Phosphorus(P)loss from farmland is one of the important sources of agricultural non-point source pollution,and colloidal P(P_(coll))is an important form due to its large specific surface area,strong adsorption and migration capacity.In order to evaluate the activity and loss potential of P_(coll)in paddy soil under different organic substitution methods,this study relied on a long-term experiment of rice-wheat rotation under two partial substitution methods of organic fertilizers(N and P fertilizer application control and N fertilizer application control only)to explore the changes in soil P_(coll)content and its loss risk,as well as its relationship with different P components and soil chemical properties.The treatments of N and P fertilizer application control(4 a)included no P fertilizer(CK),chemical fertilizer(CF),and pig manure instead of 30%chemical P fertilizer(OF);the treatments of control N fertilizer application only(24 a)included no fertilizer(CK),chemical fertilizer(CF),and pig manure instead of 40%chemical N fertilizer(OF).The results showed that,for the fertilization of N and P control,there were no significant differences in soil organic carbon(SOC),P_(coll)content and colloidal phosphorus loss potential(LPP)between the organic substitution treatment and the chemical fertilizer treatment.The proportion of soil MRP_(coll)(R_(MRP),MRP_(coll)/TP_(coll))was significantly(P<0.05)reduced by 1.76%than that of the chemical fertilizer treatment.For the fertilization of N control only,soil P_(coll)and SOC content of organic substitution treatment were 13.08 mg/kg and 20.19 g/kg,respectively,which were significantly(P<0.05)increased by 78%and 212.6%compared with the application of chemical fertilizer alone;soil LPP and R_(MRP)were significantly(P<0.05)increased by 1.89%and 16.05%,respectively.Soil P_(coll)was positively(P<0.01)correlated with soil TP,TSP,Olsen-P and CaCl2-P under the two organic substitution methods.Soil P_(coll)had no significant correlation with SOC under the fertilization of N and P contro
作者
李爽
王钰
于云飞
陈光蕾
赵洪猛
赵旭
王慎强
汪玉
LI Shuang;WANG Yu;YU Yunfei;CHEN Guanglei;ZHAO Hongmeng;ZHAO Xu;WANG Shenqiang;WANG Yu(Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;CCCC Shanghai Dredging Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200120,China)
出处
《土壤》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期821-828,共8页
Soils
基金
长江生态环境保护修复联合研究二期项目(2022-LHYJ-02-0504-02)
国家自然科学基金项目(42277026)
内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(NMKJXM202009)资助。
关键词
有机替代
稻田
胶体磷
磷流失风险
Organic substitution
Paddy field
Colloidal phosphorus
Phosphorus loss risk
