摘要
分析放牧干扰下新疆野杏(Prunus armeniaca)种群的更新特征,探讨新疆野杏天然更新幼株与影响因子的关系,为优化野果林放牧与新疆野杏资源保护提供理论依据。选择新疆野杏集中分布的新源县杏花沟、巩留县莫乎儿沟和霍城县大西沟的野果林作为研究地,采用样地与牧道样线结合的方法调查林地放牧程度,依据林地内草本植被群落(高度、盖度、地上生物量)被干扰程度划分各区域的放牧强度,分析各干扰区新疆野杏种群天然更新幼株的密度、生长特征、损伤程度,并探讨幼株损伤程度与个体生长大小(生长量)和所处的生境因子的关系。结果表明:(1)轻度干扰的新疆野杏天然更新幼株密度最大(364株·hm^(-2)),中度干扰的(247株·hm^(-2))其次,重度干扰的(225株·hm^(-2))最小;种群平均更新密度为279株·hm^(-2);(2)新疆野杏天然更新幼株平均的地径、冠幅、树高、倾斜度、主干高分别为1.69 cm、38.72 cm、77.59 cm、36.20°、35.75 cm,不同放牧强度下,各生长指标差异显著,但Ⅴ龄级均无显著差异;(3)新疆野杏天然更新幼株的损伤比例高达84.48%,轻、中、重度放牧干扰下新疆野杏天然更新幼株的损伤指数间存在显著差异,损伤指数依次为38.52、58.13、43.44;(4)有序Logistic回归分析结果表明,更新后的幼株损伤程度与灌木盖度、牧道距离呈显著负相关。当前的放牧强度严重阻碍了新疆野杏种群的天然更新进程。为维持新疆野杏可持续经营,必须优化放牧制度并加强人为干预保护。
The regeneration characteristics of Prunus armeniaca population under grazing disturbance were analyzed,and the relationship between natural regeneration in young plants and its influencing factors was discussed to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing grazing and protecting P.armeniaca resources in wild fruit forests.The wild fruit forests in Xinghuagou of Xinyuan County,Mohuergou of Gongliu County,and Daxigou of Huocheng County were selected as study sites where P.armeniaca are concentratedly distributed in Xinjiang.The grazing degree in the forest land was investigated by combining sample plots with sample lines of cattle tracks.The grazing intensity of each region was divided according to the disturbed degree of the herbaceous vegetation community(height,coverage,and aboveground biomass)in the forest land.The density,growth characteristics,and degree of damage of the naturally regenerated young P.armeniaca plants in each disturbance area were analyzed,and the relationship between the degree of damage in young plants and individual growth size(growing amount)as well as the habitat factors were discussed.The results showed that:(1)the density of natural regeneration in young P.armeniaca plants under light disturbance was the highest(364 tree·hm^(-2)),followed by those of moderate disturbance(247 tree·hm^(-2))and heavy disturbance(225 tree·hm^(-2)).The average regeneration density was 279 tree·hm^(-2).(2)The average ground diameter,crown width,tree height,inclination,and trunk height of the natural regeneration saplings of P.armeniaca under were 1.69 cm,38.72 cm,77.59 cm,36.20°,and 35.75 cm,respectively.Significant differences were present in the growth indices under different grazing intensities,but no significant differences were present in the V age class.(3)The damage ratio of naturally regenerated young P.armeniaca plants reached a maximum of 84.48%.There were significant differences in the damage indices of naturally regenerated young P.armeniaca plants under light,medium,and heavy grazing distur
作者
蒋南林
刘立强
李雯雯
郭传超
郑凤
吴明江
JIANG Nanlin;LIU Liqiang;LI Wenwen;GUO Chuanchao;ZHENG Feng;WU Mingjiang(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China)
出处
《森林与环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期507-515,共9页
Journal of Forest and Environment
基金
国家重点研发计划课题“野果林关键种及伴生种种群更新、复壮关键技术与示范”(2016YFC0501504)
国家自然科学基金项目“新疆野杏谱系地理学及物种形成研究”(32200183)
农业农村部政府购买服务项目“新疆维吾尔自治区农业野生植物资源调查收集与监测”(125A0605)。
关键词
放牧
新疆野杏
天然更新
幼株
生长特征
损伤程度
grazing
Prunus armeniaca
natural renewal
young plants
growth characteristics
degree of damage
