摘要
首先概述了双光子跃迁的基本原理,然后介绍了连续光和脉冲光激发双光子跃迁的光学频率标准在实验上的进展,考虑到目前双光子光学频率标准的短期稳定度主要受限于本振,因此发展高功率低频率噪声的激光器用于抑制散粒噪声和互调制噪声是提高双光子光学频率标准短期稳定度的最直接有效的办法。最后介绍了双光子光学频率标准在科学上和工程上的应用。基于双光子直接光梳光谱的氢原子能级间距的测量已经成为测量里德堡常数和质子电荷半径的重要实验技术之一,在量子电动力学的检验中发挥着重要作用。双光子光学频率标准和微腔光梳的结合也为光学原子钟的小型化和集成化提供了新的可能。
This paper outlines the basic principles of twophoton transition,and then introduces the experimental progress of twophoton optical frequency standards excited by continuouswave and pulsed laser.Developing the lasers with higher power and lower frequency noise to suppress shot noise and intermodulation noise is the most effective way to improve the shortterm stability of twophoton optical frequency standards which is limited by the performance of local oscillators.Finally,this paper summarizes the applications of twophoton optical frequency standards in science and engineering.The measurement of energy level spacing of hydrogen based on twophoton direct comb spectroscopy has become one of the most important techniques to measure Rydberg constant and proton charge radius,and plays an essential role in the test of quantum electrodynamics.The combination of twophoton optical frequency standard and microresonatorbased optical frequency comb will pave the way for the miniaturization and integration of optical atomic clocks.
作者
冯晨
吕杭哲
段剑
齐向晖
王延辉
FENG Chen;LYU Hangzhe;DUAN Jian;QI Xianghui;WANG Yanhui(Department of Electronics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《计测技术》
2023年第4期103-112,共10页
Metrology & Measurement Technology
基金
国家教育部联合基金资助项目(8091B042103)。
关键词
双光子跃迁
频率标准
精密测量
twophoton transition
frequency standard
precision measurement
