摘要
为了应对菠萝主产区季节性干旱严重,限制产业发展问题,明确适宜高产优质菠萝品种生长、增产增效的肥水用量,本研究以金菠萝MD-2为试验材料,采用田间小区试验,设置以下8个处理:(1)CK(不施肥不灌水);(2)F_1W_0(常规施肥不灌水);(3)F_(1)W_(1)(滴灌施肥,50%~60%田间持水量);(4)F_(2)W_(1)(滴灌施肥量减少25%,50%~60%田间持水量);(5)F_3W_1(滴灌施肥量减少50%,50%~60%田间持水量);(6)F_1W_2(滴灌施肥,30%~40%田间持水量);(7)F_2W_2(滴灌施肥量减少25%,30%~40%田间持水量);(8)F_3W_2(滴灌施肥量减少50%,30%~40%田间持水量),每个处理3次重复。比较不同肥水用量对金菠萝生长、养分吸收特征及产量品质的影响。结果表明:高肥高水处理的金菠萝总叶片数,根、茎、叶、果柄、果实和植株干物质累积量,以及植株氮、磷、钾累积量,均显著高于对照。与常规施肥相比,高肥高水处理显著提高了金菠萝株高、茎高、茎粗、D叶长、D叶宽和果柄粗度,茎、叶、果柄、果实和植株干物质累积量,以及植株氮、钾累积量。高肥高水处理的金菠萝果实横径、纵径、单果重和产量显著高于对照和常规施肥处理,果实产量比对照高117.46%,比常规施肥处理高99.40%,而常规施肥处理与对照的产量差异不显著。各滴灌施肥处理的肥料贡献率和农学效率显著高于常规施肥处理。常规施肥处理的金菠萝果实维生素C和可滴定酸含量最高,但该处理糖酸比最低,品质不佳。同一灌溉水平下,不同施肥量处理的金菠萝长势、干物质累积和果实品质差异不显著。高肥高水处理产量最高,与低肥高水处理差异不显著,与其他处理差异显著。低肥高水处理的灌溉水生产力与各低灌水量处理相当。同一施肥水平下,高灌水量处理的果实可溶性糖含量和糖酸比显著高于低灌水量处理。综合考虑金菠萝生长态势、产量品质以及灌溉水生产力和肥�
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different fertilization and irrigation rates on plant growth,nutrient uptake,yield and fruit quality of MD-2 pineapple.The goal was to deal with the seasonal drought in the main producing areas of pineapple,and determine the appropriate rates of fertilization and irrigation for high-yield and high-quality pineapple variety growth,which can increase the yield and efficiency.MD-2 pineapple was subjected to a field plot experiment with eight treatments:(1)CK(no fertilization and no irrigation),(2)F_(1)W_(0)(no irri-gation with conventional fertilization),(3)F_(1)W_(1)(fertigation with 50%‒60%of field capacity),(4)F2W1(25%reduction in fertilizer application with 50%‒60%of field capacity),(5)F3W1(50%reduction in fertilizer application with 50%‒60%of field capacity),(6)F1W2(fertigation with 30%‒40%of field capacity),(7)F2W2(the amount of fertilizer was reduced by 25%,30%‒40%of field capacity),and(8)F3W2(the amount of fertilizer was reduced by 50%,30%‒40%of field capacity).The results showed that the total number of leaves,root,stem,leaf,stalk,fruit and plant dry biomass accumulations,and plant N,P,K accumulations of MD-2 pineapple of F_(1)W_(1) treatment were significantly higher than those of CK.Compared with F_(1)W_(0),F_(1)W_(1) treatment significantly increased the plant height,stem height,stem diameter,D leaf length,D leaf width,peduncle diameter,and stem,leaf,peduncle,fruit and plant dry biomass ac-cumulations,and N and K accumulations of plant.The transverse diameter,vertical diameter,fruit weight and fruit yield of MD-2 pineapple of F_(1)W_(1) treatment were significantly higher than those of CK and F_(1)W_(0).And the fruit yield of F_(1)W_(1) was 117.46%higher than CK and 99.40%higher than F_(1)W_(0),while there was no difference between F_(1)W_(0) and CK.The fertilizer contribution rate and agricultural efficiency of each fertigation treatment were significantly higher than those of F_(1)W_(0).The contents of vitamin C and titratable a
作者
刘亚男
安东升
严程明
何东宁
徐明岗
LIU Yanan;AN Dongsheng;YAN Chengming;HE Dongning;XU Minggang(South Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Nutrition of Hainan Province,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China;Lingnan Normal University,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524048,China;Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期1635-1643,共9页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(No.2020YFD1000600)
中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(No.1630062017024)
岭南师范学院校级科研项目(No.ZL2019)。
关键词
金菠萝
肥水用量
养分吸收
产量
品质
MD-2 pineapple
fertilization and irrigation rates
nutrient uptake
yield
quality
