摘要
基于访谈录音文本与各类统计数据,采用行动者网络方法,研究敦煌旅游建设治理过程与驱动机制。研究发现:敦煌的旅游治理可分为世界文化遗产地建设、集中化运营与城市营销2个阶段运作过程。在世界文化遗产地建设阶段,莫高窟与敦煌学的全球声望吸引大量入境游客,市政府与敦煌研究院通过征召方式动员其他行动者,实现敦煌旅游供给;在集中化运营与城市营销阶段,市政府统一收编市属旅游资源建立国企进行集中市场化运作,借助国家“一带一路”倡议与丝绸之路(敦煌)国际文化博览会大事件,发展敦煌文化旅游与智慧旅游。过程中异议与博弈主要围绕市场监管与利润分配、土地利用、资源开发展开。敦煌研究院保护弘扬敦煌石窟文化为敦煌旅游注入生命力,市场驱动敦煌遗产旅游的社会参与与旅游供给,不同层级政府驱动敦煌的集中化治理与文化资产存量发展。
Dunhuang,a small-scale inland city in western China,has transformed from a traditional agricultural county to an international tourist city,a platform for world cultural exchanges,and a node city along the Belt and Road,which mainly relies on its unique and brilliant resources Mogao Grottoes,Dunhuang culture,and state policy of economic reform and open up.As a tourism governance model with a cultural position and unique resource endowment,this provides a unique perspective and rethinking for existing urban tourism governance and modernization transformation research.Thus,based on interview recording texts,various statistical data and the qualitative method of actor network,the emphasis of this study lies in the process of Dunhuang tourism construction and governance and the governance mechanism at different stages.The main conclusions are as follows:1)Dunhuang's tourism governance has mainly experienced four stages,that is,the flooding of inbound tourists,massive construction of tourism infrastructure,centralized operation of the tourism market and development driven by international mega-events.Additoonally,the tourism machanism can be divided into two periods of world cultural heritage sites,centralized operation,and urban marketing.Specifically,the development pathway is that Dunhuang's world cultural heritage tourism is initially driven by global visits and international hospitality.Subsequently,the international tourism boom promotes notable urban transformation and centrilized governance.Ultimately its urban transformation and cultural stock repackaging fed back afresh urban tourism and marketing;2)In the construction stage of world cultural heritage sites,the global popularity of Mogao Grottoes and Dunhuang culture attracts large-scale inbound tourists,city government and Dunhuang Academy mobilize other actors to form an interests'lliance to realize the supply of Dunhuang tourism needs;3)In the stage of centralized operation and city marketing,the city government monopolizes the city-owned tourism resource
作者
刘清
杨永春
Liu Qing;Yang Yongchun(School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of West China's Environmental System,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China)
出处
《地理科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期1401-1409,共9页
Scientia Geographica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41971198,41571155)资助。
关键词
旅游治理
独特资源
行动者网络
敦煌
城市转型
tourism governance
unique resources
actors network
Dunhuang
urban transformation
