摘要
近年来,苦瓜因其独特的药理作用种植面积越来越大,但由于连作使得苦瓜枯萎病发病情况日趋严重,极大影响着苦瓜的产量及品质。试验以丁香(Syzygium aromaticum)、瑞香狼毒(Stellera chamaejasme)、羌活(Notopteryg iumincisum)、芫花(Daphne genkwa)、结香(Edgeworthia chrysantha)和八角(Illicium verum)等6种植物提取物为供试材料,测定其对苦瓜枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.momordicae)的菌丝生长速率、孢子萌发以及酶活性的影响,旨在筛选对苦瓜枯萎病菌高效抑制的植物源农药,为进一步开发植物源农药提供理论依据。结果表明,丁香和瑞香狼毒提取物在质量浓度为4.0 mg/mL时,抑菌率均达到了100%,在质量浓度为2.0 mg/mL时,抑菌率分别达到了100%、87.02%,丁香和瑞香狼毒提取物EC50值为0.2565、0.3548 mg/mL;且在质量浓度为4.0 mg/mL时,二者对苦瓜分生孢子萌发抑制率均达到了80%以上。丁香和瑞香狼毒提取物处理苦瓜枯萎病菌后,丙二醛含量、丙酮酸含量较对照组均有明显提高,几丁质酶活性较对照组明显降低,处理组菌丝中的可溶性蛋白明显低于对照组。综上,丁香和瑞香狼毒提取物对苦瓜枯萎病菌有良好的抑制效果,二者均可破坏病原菌的膜脂结构以及细胞壁结构,从而影响病原菌的正常生长。
In recent years,the planting area of Momordica charantia has been increasing due to its unique pharmacological effects.However,the incidence of M.charantia wilt disease has become increasingly severe due to continuous cropping,which seriously affects the yield and quality of M.charantia.In this study,six plant extracts were used as the test materials,including the extracts from Syzygium aromaticum,Stellera chamaejasme,Notopteryg iumincisum,Daphne genkwa,Edgeworthia chrysantha,and Illicium verum,the effects of the extracts on the mycelial growth rate,spore germination,and enzyme activity of Fusarium oxysporum were determined,to screen plant-based pesticides with efficient inhibitory effects on M.charantia wilt disease,and lay a theoretical foundation for the further development of plant-based pesticides and the prevention and control of F.oxysporum f.sp.Momdrdicae.The results showed that at the concentration of 4.0 mg/mL,the antifungal rates of S.aromaticum and S.chamaejasme extracts against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.momdrdicae reached 100%,while at the concentration of 2.0 mg/mL,the antifungal rates reached 100%and 87.02%,respectively.The EC50 values of the extracts from S.aromaticum and S.chamaejasme were 0.2565 mg/mL and 0.3548 mg/mL,respectively.At the concentration of 4.0 mg/mL,both of them had an inhibition rate of over 80%on the germination of F.oxysporum f.sp.momdrdicae conidia.After treating F.oxysporum f.sp.momdrdicae with the extracts of S.aromaticum and S.chamaejasme,the contents of malondialdehyde and pyruvic acid were significantly increased compared to the control group,while the content of chitinase was significantly reduced compared to the control group.The content of soluble protein in the mycelium of the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group.In summary,the extracts of S.aromaticum and S.chamaejasme had good inhibitory effects on F.oxysporum f.sp.momdrdicae.Both could damage the membrane lipid structure and cell wall structure of the pathogen,thereby affecting its n
作者
赵艳芳
胡春艳
曹挥
ZHAO Yanfang;HU Chunyan;CAO Hui(College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)
出处
《山西农业科学》
2023年第9期1098-1106,共9页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D211001-1-3)
山西省应用基础研究计划面上青年基金项目(201901D211366)
山西农业大学2013年引进人才博士科研启动项目(2013YJ08)。
关键词
植物提取物
丁香
瑞香狼毒
抑菌活性
酶活性
plant extract
Syzygium aromaticum
Stellera chamaejasme
antifungal activity
enzymatic activity
