摘要
辣椒是福建优势特色蔬菜之一,近年来蓟马发生为害严重,产业发展受阻。本文通过调查、分析发现福建辣椒蓟马种类以花蓟马为主,还包含黄胸蓟马、棕榈蓟马、八节黄蓟马、亮蓟马、豆大蓟马和中华简管蓟马;对蓟马的防控是一项综合、绿色、可持续的过程,其中农业防治是基础,可从清园改土、良种选用和促生诱抗方面着手,从根本上遏制蓟马的发生和为害;物理防治直接、有效,可从防虫隔离、理化诱控和覆盖地膜方面着手,实现监测与防控并举;生物防治安全、有效且持久,可应用天敌昆虫和施用生物农药,实现蓟马生态调控的良性循环;化学防治不可缺少,但要注重施用高效、低风险的化学农药和加强轮换用药。
Pepper is one of the dominant characteristic vegetables in Fujian Province.In recent years,thrips have caused serious damage and hindered the development of pepper industry.Through investigation and analysis,it was found that the main species of pepper thrips in Fujian province was Frankliniella intonsa,and other species included Thrips hawaiiensis,Thrips palmi,Thrips flavidulus,Thrips flavus,Megalurothrips usitatus and Haplothrips chinensis.The control of these thrips is an integrated,green and sustainable process.Agricultural control is the basis,which can be started from the orchard clean and soil improvement,good seed selection,enhancing growth and inducing resistance,to fundamentally curb the occurrence and damage of thrips.Physical control is direct and effective,and can be carried out in pest isolation,physicochemical attraction and mulching film,to achieve monitoring and control thrips simultaneously.Biological control is safe,effective and persistently,and can apply natural enemy insects and biological pesticides,to realize beneficent cycle of the ecological regulation of thrips.Chemical control is indispensable but the efficient and low-risk chemical pesticides should be applied and chemical pesticide should be also used alternately.
作者
谢世勇
黄建成
Xie Shiyong;Huang Jiancheng(Institute of Plant Protection,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China)
出处
《东南园艺》
2023年第2期133-137,共5页
Southeast Horticulture
基金
福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2021R1024006)
福建省农业高质量发展超越“5511”协同创新工程项目(XTCXGC2021011,XTCXGC2021017)。
关键词
辣椒
蓟马
防控
Pepper
Thrips
Control
